摘要
本研究旨在探究槲皮万寿菊素(QG)对热应激条件下母兔繁殖性能、肠道菌群及其仔兔生长性能的影响,并筛选出其适宜添加量。选取460只胎次(2~3胎)和体重(3.5~4.5 kg)相近的伊拉母兔,随机分为5组,每组92只,单笼饲养。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,QG100、QG200、QG400、QG600组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、200、400、600 mg/kg QG的饲粮。试验期71 d,其中预试期6 d,正试期65 d(从配种至仔兔断奶)。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,QG600组母兔的受胎率显著提高(P<0.05),窝产仔数和窝产活仔数显著增加(P<0.05),综合窝产仔数、综合窝产活仔数、初生总窝重、初生活仔窝重以及初生活仔均重也显著增加(P<0.05);QG400和QG600组的仔兔7、14、21、35日龄窝仔数和窝重显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,QG600组母兔妊娠第15天时血清中孕酮(P)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均显著增加(P<0.05),同时丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加600 mg/kg QG具有改善热应激条件下母兔肠道菌群多样性的趋势,并在门水平上提高了拟杆菌门(35.06%vs.31.70%)和疣微菌门(2.61%vs.1.78%)的相对丰度,在属水平上提高了毛螺菌科的未分类属(unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae)(9.78%vs.9.23%)和梭菌目vadinBB60群的未分类属(unclassified_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group)(9.32%vs.7.90%)的相对丰度。综上可知,饲粮中添加600 mg/kg QG可改善热应激条件下母兔的繁殖性能及其仔兔的生长性能,且对母兔肠道菌群具有一定的调控作用。
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary quercetagetin(QG)on the reproductive performance and gut microbiota of female rabbits and growth performance of their offspring under heat stress condition,and to determine its optimal supplementation level.A total of 460 female Ira rabbits with the similar parity(from 2 to 3 parities)and body weight(from 3.5 to 4.5 kg)were randomly divided into 5 groups with 92 rabbits per group,and the rabbits were individually raised in cages.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the QG100,QG200,QG400 and QG600 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 100,200,400 and 600 mg/kg QG,respectively.The experiment lasted for 71 days,including a 6-day adaptation period and a 65-day formal trial(from mating to weaning of kits).The results showed that:1)compared with the control group,the conception rate of female rabbits in the QG600 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the litter size and litter size born alive of female rabbits in the QG600 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);furthermore,the total litter size,total litter size born alive,total litter birth weight,litter weight born alive,and litter weight born alive at birth of female rabbits in the QG600 group were also significantly increased(P<0.05);the number of kits per litter and litter weight at 7,14,21 and 35 days of age were significantly higher in the QG400 and QG600 groups(P<0.05).2)On day 15 of gestation,compared with the control group,the serum contents of progesterone(P)and interleukin-10(IL-10),the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the QG600 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg QG showed a tendency to improve the gut microbiota diversity of female rabbits under heat-stress conditions.At the phylum level,dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg QG increased the relative abundances of Bacteroidota(35.06%vs.31.70%)and Verrucomicrobiota(2.61%vs.1.78%).At the genus level,it increased the relative abundances of unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae(9.78%vs.9.23%)and unclassified_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group(9.32%vs.7.90%).In conclusion,dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg QG can improve the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth performance of their offspring under heat stress condition,and it also can exert a modulatory effect on the gut microbiota of female rabbits.
作者
赵静
颜畅
王妍雅
于洪基
殷欣彤
王运赵
吴英杰
刘宁
秦应和
ZHAO Jing;YAN Chang;WANG Yanya;YU Hongji;YIN Xintong;WANG Yunzhao;WU Yingjie;LIU Ning;QIN Yinghe(National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期577-590,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
十四五国家重点研发项目(2023YFD1302005)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32000082)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-43)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2025TC011)。
关键词
槲皮万寿菊素
母兔
热应激
繁殖性能
肠道菌群
仔兔生长性能
quercetagetin
female rabbits
heat stress
reproductive performance
gut microbiota
growth performance of kit rabbits
