摘要
为提高高寒地区露天煤矿岩石台阶深孔爆破效果,基于空孔对岩体中爆炸应力波传播导向及反射拉伸作用的假设,以加密孔夹角为影响因子,构建了加密孔条件下应力关系模型,提出了孔间加密与排间加密两种加密布孔方式,将数值模拟与现场试验相结合,探究了长加密孔应力波反射拉伸与损伤效果影响规律。结果表明:在相邻爆源作用影响下的最佳加密孔夹角为0°和45°;孔间长加密布孔对岩体爆破损伤的效果优于短加密孔;2 m排间加密方案中,加密孔附近未产生明显裂纹,主炮孔周围裂隙发育不明显,岩石平均大块率在4.32%左右;采用6 m孔间加密和6 m排间加密方案后,岩石平均大块率整体降为3.03%和2.34%,6 m孔间加密方案爆破破碎效果最佳。
In order to improve the effectiveness of deep-hole blasting in rock benches of open-pit coal mines in high-altitude areas,a stress relationship model for densified holes was constructed based on the assumption that empty holes can guide the propagation of explosive stress waves in rock masses and induce reflective tensile effects,with the angle between densified holes taken as the influencing factor.In addition,two densified hole layout methods,namely inter-hole densification and inter-row densification,were proposed.On this basis,the influence of long densified holes on stress wave reflection,tensile action,and damage effects was explored by combining numerical simulation and field experiments.The results indicate that the optimal angle between the densified holes under the influence of adjacent blast sources was 0°and 45°.The inter-hole long densified holes yielded more effective blasting-induced rock damage than short densified holes.In the 2 m inter-row densification scheme,no obvious cracks were observed near the densified holes,and cracks around the main blast holes were generally underdeveloped,the average rock block rate being around 4.32%.After adopting the 6 m inter-hole densification and 6 m inter-row densification schemes,the overall average rock fragmentation rate decreased to 3.03%and 2.34%,respectively.The 6 m inter-hole densification scheme delivered the best blasting fragmentation effect.
作者
马力
王晓民
金磊
李雁飞
张奇峰
张佩翼
张津鹏
李新鹏
张东旭
刘忠伟
李蒙博
马宁
MA Li;WANG Xiaomin;JIN Lei;LI Yanfei;ZHANG Qifeng;ZHANG Peiyi;ZHANG Jinpeng;LI Xinpeng;ZHANG Dongxu;LIU Zhongwei;LI Mengbo;MA Ning(College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Baorixile Open-pit Coal Mine,Shenbao Energy Co Ltd,CHN Energy,Hulun Buir,Inner Mongolia 021000,China;Shenyan Coal Co Ltd,CHN Energy,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China;CCTEG Shenyang Research Institute,Fushun,Liaoning 113122,China;Guoneng Baoqing Coal Electricity Chemical Co Ltd,Shuangyashan,Heilongjiang 155600,China)
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期188-197,共10页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51604264)。
关键词
露天煤矿
深孔爆破
应力传播
加密布孔
岩石大块率
open-pit coal mine
deep-hole blasting
stress propagation
layout of densified holes
rock block rate
