摘要
复合材料支撑结构作为超导磁浮列车与MRI等低温磁体系统的关键承载单元,其性能主要受纤维增强相的热学与力学特性所支配。针对传统碳纤维与玻璃纤维增强复合材料在超低温环境(4.5~100 K)下综合性能不足的瓶颈,本研究通过溶胶-凝胶技术精确调控胶体的稳定性并结合干法纺丝与阶梯烧结工艺,成功制备出具有优异综合热—力学性能的γ-连续氧化铝(Al2O3)纤维,所得纤维的束丝拉伸强度高达2.54 GPa,热导率低至0.162 W/(m·K),在宽温域(4.2~300 K)内表现出良好的热稳定性。值得注意的是,在极端低温下(4.2 K/77 K),纤维的强度与模量不仅未出现下降,反而略有提升,拉伸强度提升至2.64 GPa,热导率降低至0.150 W/(m·K),且仍保持良好的韧性断裂形貌。该材料为超导磁体的超低温隔热支撑结构提供了一种突破性解决方案,显著提升了磁体在极端环境下的综合热力学性能,为超导磁体及低温制冷系统的长期稳定运行提供了有力保障。
As the key bearing unit of cryogenic magnet systems such as superconducting maglev train and MRI,the performance of composite support structure is mainly dominated by the thermal and mechanical properties of fiber reinforced phase.Aiming at the bottleneck of insufficient comprehensive performance of traditional carbon fiber and glass fiber reinforced composites in ultra-low temperature environment(4.5-100 K),in this study,γ−Al2O3 continuous fibers with excellent comprehensive thermal-mechanical properties were successfully prepared by sol gel technology to accurately regulate the stability of colloids and combined with wet spinning and step-sintering processes.The tensile strength of the obtained fibers is as high as 2.54 GPa,and the thermal conductivity is as low as 0.162 W/(m·K),showing good thermal stability in a wide temperature range(4.2300 K).It is worth noting that at extremely low temperatures(4.2 K/77 K),the strength and modulus of the fiber did not decrease,but increased slightly,the tensile strength increased to 2.64 GPa,the thermal conductivity decreased to 0.150 W/(m·K),and still maintained a good ductile fracture morphology.This material provides a breakthrough solution for the ultra-low temperature thermal insulation support structure of superconducting magnets,which significantly improves the comprehensive thermodynamic performance of magnets in extreme environments,and provides a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of superconducting magnets and cryogenic refrigeration systems.
作者
陈泽业
温霞
张国伟
赵明
梁思源
吴南春
王锦
马小民
CHEN Zeye;WEN Xia;ZHANG Guowei;ZHAO Ming;LIANG Siyuan;WU Nanchun;WANG Jin;MA Xiaomin(Morlion(Zhuhai)New Material&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519040,Guangdong,China;National Equipment New Material Technology(Jiangsu)Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215101,Jiangsu,China;HIWING Technology Academy of CASIC,Beijing 100074,China;Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Suzhou 215101,Jiangsu,China;Suzhou Molecular Ceramics Engineering Technology Research Center,Suzhou 215101,Jiangsu,China;Suzhou Campus,Southeast University,Suzhou 215000,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《高科技纤维与应用》
2025年第6期26-36,共11页
Hi-Tech Fiber and Application
基金
“慧眼行动”成果转化应用项目(62402010339)
国家科技重大专项(2025ZD0612800)
姑苏创新创业领军人才计划项目(ZXG2024007)
北京市自然科学基金项目(3244052)
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202503021211313)。
关键词
磁悬浮列车
低热导率
连续氧化铝纤维
超导磁体
maglev train
low thermal conductivity
continuous Al_(2)O_(3)fiber
superconducting magnet
