摘要
关于合并审理,多数学者从《民事诉讼法》第55条规定的共同诉讼制度切入展开分析,在研究方法上主要借助诉讼标的理论和类似必要共同诉讼理论等。但几乎所有的研究在论证路径上都递归到民事诉讼价值论,以之作为支持自己立场的最终依据。这说明民事诉讼基本制度和基本理论并不能为解决合并审理问题提供充分支持,民事诉讼价值论才是终极依据。基于这一现状,我们可以考虑一种更为简单有力的论证路径,即越过中间的法教义学理论,直接从民事诉讼价值论出发来论证合并审理问题。这一思路并非凭空想象,而是得到了我国有关合并审理的司法解释以及入库案例的支持,说明这一论证路径是具有实践理性的。直接从民事诉讼价值论出发来分析合并审理问题,可确立程序公正优先,程序工具价值次之,程序效益收尾的价值位序,并对合并审理的决策权进行重新配置,在赋予法院最终决策权的同时,确保当事人有充分参与决策的机会。
When examining the issue of claim consolidation,most Chinese scholars ground their analysis in the doctrine of joinder of parties as stipulated in Article 55 of the Civil Procedure Law,relying predominantly on theories of the subject matter of litigation and similar necessary joinder of parties.However,nearly all studies ultimately recur to the theory of civil procedure values in their line of argumentation,using it as the final basis to support their positions.This indicates that the fundamental institutions and theories of civil procedure themselves cannot provide sufficient support for resolving issues related to claim consolidation;rather,the theory of civil procedure values serves as the ultimate foundation.Therefore,a more straightforward and compelling line of reasoning,that is,to set aside the elaborate doctrinal analyses and base the analysis directly on the value of civil procedure in determining the consolidation of claims,should be adopted.This approach is not purely hypothetical but supported by relevant judicial interpretations and guiding cases collected in China's official case database,demonstrating its practical rationality.By proceeding directly from the theory of civil procedure values to analyze consolidation,a clear hierarchy of values can be established:procedural justice takes priority,followed by the instrumental value of procedure,with procedural efficiency occupying the final position.This approach also allows for a reallocation of decision-making authority over consolidation,while ultimately vesting such power in the court.It ensures that the parties are provided with ample opportunity to participate in the decision-making process.
出处
《法学杂志》
北大核心
2026年第1期22-38,共17页
Law Science Magazine
基金
教育部一般项目“在线诉讼背景下地域管辖制度的变革研究”(项目编号:23YJA820006)的阶段性成果。
关键词
合并审理
共同诉讼
诉讼价值
司法认识论
决策权
consolidation of claims
joinder of parties
values of civil procedure
judicial epistemology
decision-making power
