摘要
该试验旨在探究围产前期添加鱼肝油对产后奶牛疾病以及繁殖性能的影响。试验共选取360头体况评分相近、产前约40 d的奶牛,分别于冬季(winter)和夏季(summer)开展试验,共分成4组:冬季对照组CON_(W)组(n=78)、处理组CLO_(W)组(n=80);夏季CON_(S)组(n=102)和夏季CLO_(S)组(n=100)。CLO在围产前期饲喂基础日粮的基础上每天灌喂50 g鱼肝油,CON仅饲喂基础日粮,各组均在产犊当天采集牛尾根静脉血,观测奶牛产后发病情况,追踪产后繁殖性能和泌乳性能。数据表明:夏季饲养奶牛围产期饲料添加鱼肝油,与对照组相比,处理组奶牛胎衣不下、子宫炎发病率和配种次数显著降低(P<0.05);处理组奶牛血清钙离子浓度、总抗氧化水平(T-AOC)极显著提高(P<0.01),雌激素(E_(2))和IL-4水平显著提高(P<0.05),磷离子浓度、丙二醛(MDA)浓度和TNF-α水平显著降低(P<0.05),冬季在围产期饲料中添加鱼肝油有结果类似,可以明显提高奶牛健康。分析奶牛产后4周内泌乳数据。发现乳脂率、产奶量、蛋白率和体细胞数在处理组和对照组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。因此,奶牛围产前期添加鱼肝油能够提高奶牛机体免疫能力,改善奶牛健康,增强奶牛繁殖性能。
This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding cod liver oil during the perinatal period on postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in dairy cows.A total of 360 dairy cows with similar body condition scores and approximately 40 days before calving were selected.The experiment was conducted in winter and summer,with the cows divided into four groups:winter control group(CON_(W),n=78),winter treatment group(CLO_(W),n=80);summer control group(CON_(S),n=102),and summer CLO_(S) group(n=100).CLO cows were fed 50 g of cod liver oil daily in addition to the basal diet during the pre-peripartum period,while CON cows were only fed the basal diet.Blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein on the day of calving,and postpartum health,reproductive performance,and lactation performance were monitored.The data indicated that,for summer-fed dairy cows,adding cod liver oil during the pre-peripartum period significantly reduced the incidence of retained placenta,metritis,and the number of inseminations compared to the control group(P<0.05).The treatment group showed extremely significant increases in serum calcium concentration and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)(P<0.01),and significant increases in estrogen(E_(2))and IL-4 levels(P<0.05),while phosphorus concentration,malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and TNF-αlevels were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Similar results were observed in winter,indicating that adding cod liver oil during the pre-peripartum period can significantly improve the health of dairy cows.Analysis of lactation data within four weeks postpartum showed no significant differences in milk fat percentage,milk yield,protein percentage,or somatic cell count between the treatment and control groups(P>0.05).Therefore,adding cod liver oil to the diet of dairy cows during the pre-peripartum period can enhance immune function,improve health,and boost reproductive performance.
作者
付贵升
胡微唯
高腾云
刘深贺
林峰
FU Guisheng;HU Weiwei;GAO Tengyun;LIU Shenghe;LIN Feng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Livestock Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Breeding,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期68-72,共5页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(No.2024YFD1301004)
农业部奶牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-36)。
关键词
围产前期
奶牛疾病
鱼肝油
繁殖性能
pre-peripartum period
diseases of dairy cows
cod liver oil
reproductive performance
