摘要
本试验旨在比较研究内蒙古不同地区生牛乳中乳脂率、乳蛋白率、非脂乳固体、冰点、酸度及相对密度等理化指标和菌落总数及体细胞数等卫生指标的差异及质量等级。采集内蒙古主产区牧场生牛乳奶罐奶100批次样品进行检测分析,其中呼和浩特40批次、兴安盟10批次、乌兰察布15批次、巴彦淖尔35批次。结果表明,呼和浩特、兴安盟、乌兰察布和巴彦淖尔四个地区生牛乳各指标均达到了国家标准要求(体细胞数没有国家标准);乳蛋白率、非脂乳固体、冰点和相对密度差异显著(P<0.05),乳脂率和酸度差异不显著(P>0.05);兴安盟生牛乳体细胞数为18.82万个/mL,显著高于呼和浩特、乌兰察布和巴彦淖尔(P<0.05),四个地区菌落总数差异不明显(P>0.05);生牛乳质量均符合优质生乳乳脂率、乳蛋白率、菌落总数和体细胞数特优级(A+)标准。可以看出,内蒙古主产区抽检牧场生牛乳理化指标和卫生指标存在差异,但该两项指标均符合国家标准,质量均达到了特优级(A+)标准。
This experiment was conducted to compare and study the differences and quality levels of physical and chemical indicators such as milk fat,milk protein,solids non-fat(SNF),freezing point,acidity,and relative density,as well as hygiene indicators such as total bacterial count and somatic cells in raw milk from different regions of Inner Mongolia.Totally 100 batches of raw milk were collected,such as 40 batches from Huhhot,10 batches from Xing’an League,15 batches from Wulanchabu and 35 batches from Bayannaoer.The results showed as follows:①The indicators of raw milk all met the national standard requirements in Hohhot,Xing'an League,Wulanchabu and Bayannaoer(except for somatic cells).②There were significant differences in milk protein,SNF,freezing point,and relative density(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in milk fat and acidity(P>0.05).③SCC in raw milk was 18.82×104/mL in Xing'an League,and significantly higher than that in Hohhot,Wulanchabu and Bayannaoer(P<0.05).④There was no significant difference in the total bacterial count among the four regions(P>0.05).⑤The quality of raw milk met the premium grade(A+)standards for milk fat,protein,total bacterial count and somatic cell count as high quality raw milk.There are differences in milk composition in different regions of Inner Mongolia,the indicators of raw milk all meet the national standard requirements,and the quality in raw milk has reached the premium level(A+)standard.
作者
王丽芳
黄莎娜
宋洁
张腾龙
郭晨阳
钟华晨
刘嘉琳
高航飞
张菁
杨健
WANG Li-fang;HUANG Sha-na;SONG Jie;ZHANG Teng-long;GUO Chen-yang;ZHONG Hua-chen;LIU Jia-lin;GAO Hang-fei;ZHANG Jing;YANG Jian(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Huhhot 010031;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Huhhot 010000;Hohhot Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Huhhot 010010)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2025年第12期50-55,共6页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2023CXJJM07)
内蒙古生乳国标指标监测(NMGZCS-C-F-240831)
农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室能力提升与改造项目。
关键词
内蒙古地区
生牛乳
理化指标
卫生指标
质量分级
Inner Mongolia
Raw milk
Physical and chemical indicators
Health indicators
Quality grading
