摘要
甲午战争后,随着列强扩大对华商品输出,中国近代市场逐渐呈现洋货竞销的格局。为获取竞争优势,新兴工业化国家商人充分利用商标策略渗透中国市场,既通过产品差异化销售和商标的“本土化”改造迎合不同消费者的需求,还采取假冒商标等不正当竞争手段争夺市场份额。由于中国商标法的缺位,不法商人利用这一漏洞,将假冒商标的伪造品低价输入中国,导致清末中国涉外商标纠纷频发。列强相继通过修订商约谈判,迫使清政府制定以其商标法为依据的制度,以强化对中国市场的控制。然而,各国关于商标保护的法律分歧,奠定了近代中国商标立法多边交涉的框架。
After the First Sino-Japanese War,with the expansion of foreign powers’commodity exports to China,the modern Chinese market gradually became an arena of fierce competition among foreign goods.To gain a competitive advantage,merchants from newly industrialized countries fully utilized trademark strategies to penetrate the Chinese market.They catered to the needs of different consumers through product differentiation and the“localization”of trademarks and resorted to unfair competition such as counterfeiting trademarks to gain market share.Unscrupulous merchants exploited the absence of Chinese trademark law,importing counterfeit goods with fake trademarks at low prices,leading to frequent international trademark disputes in late Qing Dynasty China.Foreign powers successively forced the Qing government to formulate a system based on their own trademark laws through revised trade treaty negotiations,to strengthen their control over the Chinese market.However,the legal differences among various countries regarding trademark protection laid the foundation for multilateral negotiations on trademark legislation in modern China.
作者
王红
WANG Hong(Research Center for the Revolutionary Spirit and Cultural Resources of the Communist Party of China,Jinggangshan University)
出处
《清史研究》
北大核心
2026年第1期142-155,共14页
The Qing History Journal
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“近代日本在华南的金融扩张研究(1895—1945)”(24CZS087)阶段性成果。
关键词
清末中国
洋货竞销
涉外商标纠纷
商标谈判
the late Qing Dynasty
competition of foreign goods
foreign-related trademark disputes
trademark negotiation
