摘要
帕金森病是一种以黑质多巴胺能神经元变性、丢失和路易小体形成为病理特征的神经退行性疾病,多见于65岁以上人群。近年研究发现,肠道菌群在人体内数量庞大,与人体的健康密切相关,人体肠道菌群失调可通过“菌群-肠-脑轴”参与帕金森病发病机制:肠道菌群结构异常可诱发全身炎性反应与氧化应激,促进α-突触核蛋白错误折叠,经迷走神经上传至中枢神经系统,加速多巴胺能神经元损伤。中医学认为,帕金森病属“颤病”范畴,与肝、肾、脾功能失调密切相关。中医治疗帕金森病较西医有明显的优势。研究发现,部分中药(如甘松)和中药复方及其有效成分(如白藜芦醇),以及针灸部分穴位可通过调节帕金森病患者肠道菌群丰度(如增加乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌,抑制变形菌门)、修复肠道屏障、抵抗氧化应激反应、调节线粒体代谢、抑制神经炎症、抗神经元凋亡等作用改善帕金森病患者运动与非运动症状。文章综述肠道菌群与帕金森病的相关性机制,以及中医干预调节菌群防治帕金森病的研究进展,为帕金森病的中医临床诊疗提供新思路。
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra,as well as the formation of Lewy bodies.It predominantly affects individuals over the age of 65.Emerging research indicates that the gut microbiota,which is abundant in the human gastrointestinal tract,plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health.Studies have demonstrated that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD through the“microbiota-gut-brain axis.”Alterations in intestinal microbial composition can trigger systemic inflammatory responses and oxidative stress,promote the misfolding and aggregation ofα-synuclein,and facilitate its propagation to the central nervous system via the vagus nerve,thereby accelerating neuronal damage.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),PD falls within the category of“tremor syndromes”and is primarily associated with dysfunction of the liver,kidney,and spleen.TCM exhibits distinct therapeutic advantages over conventional Western medicine in the management of PD.Evidence suggests that certain TCM herbs such as Gansong(Radix et Rhizoma Nardostachyos),herbal formulations and their bioactive components such as resveratrol,and acupuncture at specific acupoints can modulate the gut microbiota in PD patients(such as increasing the abundance of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium,and inhibiting proteobacteria),restoring intestinal barrier integrity,alleviating oxidative stress,regulating mitochondrial function,reducing neuroinflammation,and preventing neuronal apoptosis,ultimately ameliorating both motor and non-motor symptoms.This article reviews the mechanistic links between gut microbiota and PD,along with recent advances in TCM interventions targeting microbiota regulation for the prevention and treatment of PD,offering novel insights for clinical diagnosis and therapy.
出处
《中医临床研究》
2025年第30期138-142,共5页
Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81760413)
广西中医药大学校级创新课题(2021-KY-XS-023-01)。
关键词
帕金森病
肠道菌群
菌群-肠-脑轴
中医治疗
针灸
Parkinson's disease
Intestinal microbiota
Microbiota-gut-brain axis
Traditional Chinese medicine treatment
Acupuncture
