摘要
在人工智能技术迅速发展并取得显著突破的时代背景下,如何看待人工智能技术发展的可能性及规范性引起越来越多的关注,其中有效加速主义与有效利他主义之间的论争就是比较典型的一种表现。有效加速主义强调应尽最大可能释放而非抑制人工智能技术发展的内在潜力,以加速推动人类社会向更高的文明层级跃进。有效利他主义则强调以人类福祉提升为首要目标,主张谨慎防范人工智能技术发展所带来的社会伦理风险。有效加速主义与有效利他主义不仅在思想渊源上存在差异,而且两者在人工智能的发展理念上也有着较大的分歧,这种分歧在人工智能的发展中具体表现在人类主体角色定位、价值权衡选择以及“正义性”实现路径等方面。有效加速主义与有效利他主义之争本质上是价值追求优先级的相对对立,只有超越二者之间的对立,在人工智能的发展中寻求更加多元包容技术伦理框架的构建,我们才能最终走出当下人工智能发展的深层困境。
Against the backdrop of rapid development and significant breakthroughs in artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the question of how to view the possibilities and normativity of AI development has attracted increasing attention.The debate between Effective Accelerationism and Effective Altruism is a typical manifestation.Effective Accelerationism emphasizes maximizing,rather than suppressing,the inherent potential of AI technology development,thereby accelerating human society's leap to higher levels of civilization,while Effective Altruism prioritizes enhancing human well-being,advocating for cautious prevention of the social and ethical risks associated with the development of AI technology.Effective Accelerationism and Effective Altruism differ not only in their ideological origins but also in their AI development philosophies.These differences manifest in areas such as the positioning of the human subject,value trade-off choices,and the path to achieving“justice”in AI development.Essentially,the debate between Effective Accelerationism and Effective Altruism is a relative conflict over the prioritization of value pursuits.Only by transcending this opposition and seeking a more diverse and inclusive ethical framework for technology in AI development can we ultimately overcome the deep-seated dilemmas in current AI development.
作者
刘伟伟
郭力宁
LIU Weiwei;GUO Lining
出处
《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2026年第1期87-95,170,共10页
Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“诠释学视域下数学证明的构造机理研究”(22YJC720008)。
