摘要
孤立性远端深静脉血栓(IDDVT)是发生于膝关节平面以下的深静脉血栓(DVT)。其临床主要典型表现为局限于小腿或足踝,双侧肢体对比可见患侧周径增粗,肿胀程度较轻且范围较小,活动后加重,抬高患肢可部分缓解;疼痛特点为以小腿后侧钝痛或胀痛为主,活动时加重,休息后减轻,部分患者表现为腓肠肌压痛,触诊可发现局部肌肉紧张。但临床上仍有约半数患者症状轻微或无症状,仅通过超声检查偶然发现,部分患者仅表现为久站后小腿沉重感或轻微麻木。IDDVT的治疗原则需根据血栓特征、症状严重程度及患者风险分层综合制定,有严重症状或存在高危因素的患者需立即启动抗凝治疗。
Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis(IDDVT)is a type of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)that occurs below the knee joint plane.Clinically,it is mainly characterized by symptoms localized to the lower leg or ankle,with a comparison of both limbs showing an increase in the circumference of the affected side,mild swelling with a smaller range,and exacerbation after activity,which can be partially relieved by elevating the affected limb.The pain was mainly characterized by a dull or distended pain on the posterior side of the calf,which worsens with activity and alleviates with rest.Some patients exhibit calf muscle tenderness,with palpable muscle tension upon examination.However,in clinical practice,about half of the patients have mild or no symptoms,and the condition is incidentally discovered through ultrasound examination,with some patients only experiencing a sense of heaviness or slight numbness in the lower leg after standing for a long time.The treatment principle for IDDVT needs to be comprehensively formulated based on the characteristics of the thrombus,the severity of symptoms,and the risk stratification of the patient.Patients with severe symptoms or high-risk factors require immediate initiation of anticoagulation therapy.
作者
邓鑫凯
韩小博
高家威
敖其
DENG Xinkai;HAN Xiaobo;GAO Jiawei;AO Qi(Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《现代诊断与治疗》
2025年第16期2409-2411,共3页
Modern Diagnosis and Treatment
基金
2022年度新疆军区总医院拔尖人才项目“PIEZO1-炎症机制在高原静脉血栓性疾病中的作用”(项目编号2022BJ003)。
关键词
孤立性远端深静脉血栓
抗凝治疗
周径
小腿沉重感
血栓特征
Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis
Anticoagulation therapy
Circumference
Calf heaviness
Thrombus characteristics
