摘要
美欧对华政策正经历从传统安全化向泛安全化的深刻演变,经济、科技、供应链乃至人文交流等非传统安全议题被日益纳入安全考量轨道,构成了理解双方互动与分异的新现实。基于安全化理论,可以构建起以“安全指涉—身份框定—议程设置”为核心的三维分析框架。通过系统考察20世纪90年代以来美欧对华政策的互动历程可以发现,其互动本质上是一个持续演进且范围不断扩大的泛安全化共谋:双方通过将中国在制度、经济、科技与地缘层面的崛起共同建构为“系统性挑战”;依托“跨大西洋价值观同盟”的集体身份强化对华的“他者化”叙事;进而推动形成一套覆盖经贸、科技与地缘战略领域的机制化协同议程。然而,双方在威胁感知强度、利益优先次序及战略文化上的内在分异,导致其互动呈现出“有限协同”与“工具化”的鲜明特征。这种泛安全化互动在短期内对中国构成了系统性规制压力,但其内在的局限性也为中国提供了战略机遇。中国应精准识别美欧互动中的逻辑裂痕与利益温差,以“韧性中心主义”为战略指引,通过深化制度型开放、构建“全球南方”合作网络与提升国际话语权,有效破解联合围堵,引导大国关系回归理性竞争与必要合作的轨道。
The U.S.and European policies toward China are undergoing a profound evolution from traditional"securitization"to"pan-securitization",wherein non-traditional security issues,such as economy,technology,supply chains,and even people-to-people exchanges,are increasingly incorporated into security considerations.This constitutes a new reality for understanding the interaction and divergence between the two sides.Based on securitization theory,this study constructs a three-dimensional analytical framework centered on"security reference-identity framing-agenda setting"to systematically examine the interactive trajectory of the U.S.and European policies toward China since the 1990s.The research finds that their interaction is essentially an ongoing and expanding pan-securitization collusion:both sides jointly construct China's development in institutional,economic,technological,and geopolitical dimensions as"systemic challenges";reinforce the narrative of"othering"China by leveraging the collective identity of the"transatlantic alliance of values";and subsequently promote the formation of an institutionalized and coordinated agenda covering economic,trade,technological,and geostrategic domains.However,intrinsic differences in threat perception intensity,prioritization of interests,and strategic culture result in their interaction exhibiting distinct characteristics of"limited coordination"and"instrumentalization."While this pan-securitization interaction poses systemic regulatory pressure on China in the short term,its inherent limitations also present strategic opportunities.The study argues that China should accurately identify the differences in logic and interests within U.S.-Europe interactions and adopt"resilience-centrism"as a strategic guide.By deepening institutional opening up,constructing a cooperative network within the Global South,and strengthening China's voice in international affairs,China can effectively counter joint containment and steer major-country relations back toward a track of rational competition and necessary cooperation.
出处
《东北亚论坛》
北大核心
2026年第1期54-71,127,128,共20页
Northeast Asia Forum
基金
全国教育科学规划立项“中国教育法治与全球教育治理研究专项”项目(ZGB250491)。
关键词
美欧对华政策
泛安全化
美欧关系
跨大西洋关系
中美关系
中欧关系
U.S.and European Policies toward China
Pan-Securitization
U.S.-Europe Relations
Transatlantic Relations
China-U.S.Relations
China-Europe Relations
