摘要
目的:分析基于自我效能理论构建的会阴按摩干预方案对初产妇分娩体验的影响。方法:选取2023年2月—2025年6月本院接诊的拟自然分娩初产妇98例,以数字表分为观察组和对照组各49例。对照组实施传统护理方案,观察组实施基于自我效能理论构建的会阴按摩干预方案。记录两组产后24h、42d时的分娩体验,产后2h、24h、7d时的会阴疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),产后7d、42d时的宫底高度及盆底肌力。结果:观察组产后24h、42d时的生理体验、心理体验、社会支持体验、信息支持体验评分均高于对照组,产后2h、24h、7d时会阴VAS评分(3.2±1.2分、2.5±0.8分、1.3±0.5分)均低于对照组(4.8±1.5分、4.2±1.3分、2.8±0.9分),产后7d、42d时的宫底高度(6.5±1.2cm、1.2±0.3cm)均低于对照组(8.8±1.5cm、2.5±0.6cm),盆底肌力均强于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:基于自我效能理论构建的会阴按摩干预方案能有效改善初产妇分娩结局与体验。
Objective:To analyze the impact of the perineal massage intervention program constructed based on self-efficacy theory of primiparas with natural delivery on their delivery experience.Methods:98 primiparas women admitted to the hospital for natural delivery were selected and were divided into observation group and control group(49 cases in each group)by a numerical table from February 2023 to June 2025.Among them,the primiparas in the control group received the traditional nursing care,while the primiparas in the observation group received the perineal massage intervention based on self-efficacy theory.The delivery experience of the primiparas in the two groups at postpartum 24h and in 42 postpartum days was recorded.The perineal pain evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS)score at postpartum 2h,at postpartum 24h,and in postpartum 7 days,and the uterine floor height and pelvic floor muscle strength in postpartum 7 days and 42 days of the primiparas in the two groups were also recorded.The scores of the physiological experience,the psychological experience,the social support experience and the information support experience of the primiparas in the observation group at postpartum 24h and 42 days were all significantly higher than those of the primiparas in the control group.The VAS scores of the perineum at postpartum h and 24h,and in 7 postpartum days of the primiparas in the observation group were 3.2±1.2 points,2.5±0.8 points and 1.3±0.5 points,respectively,and which were all significantly lower than those(4.8±1.5 points,4.2±1.3 points and 2.8±0.9 points)of the primiparas in the control group.The height of the uterine fundus of the primiparas in the observation group in postpartum 7 days and 42 days were 6.5±1.2 cm and 1.2±0.3 cm,and which were all significantly lower than those(8.8±1.5 cm and 2.5±0.6 cm)of the primiparas in the control group.The pelvic floor muscle strength of the primiparas in the observation group was significantly stronger than that of the primiparas in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The perineal massage intervention program constructed abased on self-efficacy theory for the primiparas can effectively improve their delivery outcomes and delivery experiences.
作者
宋明霞
沈连梅
袁玲
SONG Mingxia;SHEN Lianmei;YUAN Ling(Hangzhou First People's Hospital,Zhejiang Province,310000)
出处
《中国计划生育学杂志》
2026年第1期57-61,66,共6页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning
关键词
初产妇
自然分娩
自我效能
会阴按摩
分娩体验
分娩结局
产后恢复
Primiparas
Natural delivery
Self-efficacy
Perineal massage
Delivery experience
Delivery outcomes
Postpartum recovery
