摘要
针对缝洞型油藏注水开发过程中底水沿裂缝快速突破导致“阁楼油”难以有效开采的难题,提出“凝胶-无机颗粒协同筑坝控水增油”策略。该方法通过凝胶封堵窜流通道与无机颗粒纵向堆积的协同作用,在近井溶洞内构筑具有一定高度和坡度的稳定坝体,抬升溢出点促使底水绕流,从而扩大水驱波及体积,动用顶部剩余油。研究基于现场井例和实际地质模型,构建了大尺度可视化缝洞型油藏物理模型,并通过相似原理设计等效堵剂和注采参数,模拟藏内筑坝过程,探究不同注入模式下堵剂运移分布规律,分析堵剂组合模式、段塞数量、堵剂总量、堵剂比例、注入速度及溶洞填充度对坝体形态和控水增油效果的影响。最后基于反向传播(Back Propagation,简称BP)神经网络构建模型预测筑坝高度和采收率提升效果。实验结果表明:(1)凝胶与无机颗粒协同筑坝能有效动用溶洞顶部剩余油,采收率提高14.4%,控水增油效果显著;(2)堵剂组合模式直接决定坝体形态和高度,注入参数显著影响堵剂运移规律,进而影响控水增油效果;(3)基于BP神经网络构建的模型经充分训练后,成功预测不同注入模式下坝体高度和采收率增加值,其均方根误差分别为22.24和2.92。研究揭示了协同筑坝机制,明确了工艺参数优化方向,为缝洞型油藏注水开发后期提高采收率提供了新思路和有效方法。
To address the challenge of rapid bottom water breakthrough along fractures during water injection in fracture-cavity reservoirs,which makes“attic oil”difficult to recover effectively,a strategy of“gel-inorganic particle synergy damming for water control and oil enhancement”was proposed.The method constructed a stable dam with specific height and slope in near-wellbore cavities through the synergistic effects of gel plugging of channeling paths and vertical stacking of inorganic particles,raising the overflow point to divert bottom water,thereby expanding the water flooding sweep volume and mobilizing the remaining oil at the top.Based on field well cases and actual geological models,a large-scale visual physical model of fracture-cavity reservoir was established.Equivalent plugging agents and injection-production parameters were designed using similarity principles to simulate the in-reservoir damming process.The migration and distribution patterns of plugging agents under different injection modes were investigated,and the effects of plugging agent combination,slug number,total agent volume,agent ratio,injection rate,and cavity filling degree on dam morphology and performance of water control and oil enhancement were analyzed.Finally,based on back propagation(BP)neural network,a model was established to predict damming height and performance of enhanced oil recovery(EOR).The experimental results demonstrated that:(1)the gel-inorganic particle synergistic damming could effectively mobilize the top remaining oil in cavities,increasing recovery by 14.4%with significant water control and oil enhancement performance.(2)Plugging agent combinations directly determined dam morphology and height,while injection parameters significantly influenced the migration patterns of plugging agents,thereby affecting the performance of water control and oil enhancement.(3)After sufficient training,the BP neural network-based model successfully predicted dam height and EOR under different injection modes,with root mean square errors of 22.24 and 2.92,respectively.The study reveals the mechanisms of synergistic damming,clarifies directions for process parameter optimization,and provides new insights and effective methods for enhancing oil recovery in the later stages of water injection in fracture-cavity reservoirs.
作者
章智博
王典林
张雯
张潇
瞿博超
李亮
毛润雪
SAGYNDIKOV Marat
魏兵
ZHANG Zhibo;WANG Dianlin;ZHANG Wen;ZHANG Xiao;QU Bochao;LI Liang;MAO Runxue;SAGYNDIKOV Marat;WEI Bing(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;Sinopec Northwest China Oilfield Company,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology,Almaty 050000,Kazakhstan)
出处
《油气藏评价与开发》
北大核心
2026年第1期174-185,共12页
Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“利用表面活性剂胶束合成多重环境粘附和自修复水凝胶及其伤口密封粘合应用研究”(22002124)
四川省杰出青年科学基金项目“非常规油气藏提高采收率理论与方法”(2023NSFSC1954)。
关键词
缝洞型油藏
“阁楼油”
筑坝控水增油
凝胶
无机颗粒
提高采收率
fracture-cavity reservoir
attic oil
damming for water control and oil enhancement
gel
inorganic particles
enhanced oil recovery
