摘要
以2009年建立的橡胶树高产抗寒新品种试验区8个橡胶树品种为材料,通过测定钻次胶乳产量、干胶含量、排胶初速度、堵塞指数及总固形物(TSC)、蔗糖(SUC)、无机磷(Pi)、硫醇(RSH)含量等参数指标,分析微创采胶后各品种的产排胶特性,以为获得微创采胶技术稳产的生理机理提供参考。结果表明:热研879综合表现突出,株次干胶产量101.6 g,且硫醇、蔗糖及无机磷含量均显著高于其它多数品种(P<0.05),TSC含量却维持较低水平,在5.00 mL/min排胶初速度下的单位面积产量为2286 kg;热研73397虽具有最高无机磷含量,但因TSC含量过高(乳管堵塞指数达10.99%),在相近的排胶初速度下的单位面积产量仅为热研879的45.14%;热垦628、湛试327-13、云研73-46及云研77-4的干胶产量、硫醇与无机磷含量保持中等水平;热垦525和IAN873的干胶产量及生理指标均显著低于其它品种。相关性分析揭示,排胶初速度与干胶产量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与其它指标无显著相关性。研究显示:微创采胶下胶乳硫醇、无机磷、蔗糖、总固形物含量处于正常生理区间,单位面积产量为593~2286 kg,该结果可为优化抗寒高产品种的采胶策略提供生理学依据。
Eight rubber tree varieties in the experimental area of high-yield and cold-resistant new rubber tree varieties established in 2009 were used as materials.By measuring the latex yield,dry rubber content,initial rubber discharge speed,plugging index,the total solid content(TSC),sucrose(SUC),inorganic phosphorus(Pi),mercaptan(RSH)and other parameters,the rubber production and discharge characteristics of each variety were analyzed,which provided physiological reference for the stable production mechanism of this technology.The results showed that:the comprehensive performance of Reyan 879 was outstanding,the yield of dry rubber was 101.6 g,and the content of mercaptan,sucrose and inorganic phosphorus was significantly higher than that of most other varieties(P<0.05),but the content of TSC remained low,and the yield per unit area was 2286 kg at the initial rate of 5.00 mL/min;Reyan 73397 had the highest content of inorganic phosphorus,but due to the high content of TSC(latex clogging index up to 10.99%),the yield per unit area under the similar initial rate of glue discharge was only 45.14%of that of Reyan 879;the dry rubber yield,mercaptan and inorganic phosphorus content of Reken 628,Zhan test 327-13,Yunyan 73-46 and Yunyan 77-4 maintained a medium level.The dry rubber yield and physiological indexes of Reken 525 and IAN873 were significantly lower than those of other varieties;the correlation analysis revealed that the initial rate of rubber discharge was significantly positively correlated with dry rubber yield(P<0.05),but not significantly correlated with other indicators.Studies show that under minimally invasive rubber extraction,the thiol,inorganic phosphorus,sucrose and total solids in the normal physiological range,the unit area yield was 593~2286 kg.The results provide physiological basis for optimizing the rubber extraction strategy of cold-resistant and highyielding varieties.
作者
邱彦芬
孙小龙
杨恩山
胡永华
高茜
肖再云
QIU Yanfen;SUN Xiaolong;YANG Enshan;HU Yonghua;GAO Qian;XIAO Zaiyun(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong 666100,China;Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China)
出处
《热带农业科技》
2026年第1期88-94,共7页
Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology
基金
云南省热作所热带作物科技创新专项资金(RF2025-9)
国家自然科学基金项目(32260082)。
关键词
橡胶树
微创采胶
胶乳生理参数
Hevea brasiliensis
minimally invasive rubber tapping
physiological parameters of latex
