摘要
耳念珠菌是一种新兴的多重耐药真菌。既往对耳念珠菌认知有限,但随着研究的进展,对耳念珠菌的生物学特征及致病特点的认识逐渐加深。耳念珠菌对环境适应性强,常呈多重耐药性,易引起早产儿及重症患儿等高危人群侵袭性感染。耳念珠菌以血流感染最为常见,并可累及患儿肝脏及中枢神经系统。耳念珠菌感染早期诊断困难,易发生误诊、漏诊,确诊需依赖分子生物学技术及质谱分析。治疗依年龄可选择两性霉素B脱氧胆酸盐或棘白菌素类。新型疗法(如新型抗真菌药、抗菌肽、纳米技术及兰索拉唑等)展现出良好的应用前景。该文基于国内外相关研究,对儿童耳念珠菌感染的流行病学、病原学、致病机制、诊治进展及控制措施进行综述,以提高儿科医生对儿童耳念珠菌感染的认识。
Candida auris(C.auris)is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungus.Although our understanding of this pathogen was previously limited,ongoing research has significantly advanced our insights into its biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms.C.auris is characterized by strong environmental adaptability and frequent multidrug resistance,making it prone to causing invasive infections in high-risk populations,including preterm infants and critically ill children.Among these,bloodstream infections are the most common,and the infection can also involve the liver and central nervous system.Early diagnosis of C.auris infection is challenging,often leading to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis;confirmation typically relies on molecular biological techniques and mass spectrometry analysis.Treatment options,depending on age,include amphotericin B deoxycholate or echinocandins.Novel therapies(such as new antifungal drugs,antimicrobial peptides,nanotechnology,and lansoprazole)show promising application prospects.Based on relevant domestic and international research,this article reviews the epidemiology,etiology,pathogenesis,diagnostic and therapeutic advances,and control measures for C.auris infections in children,aiming to enhance pediatricians'understanding of this condition.
作者
蒋源杰
朱晓萍
Jiang Yuanjie;Zhu Xiaoping(Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,China;Guizhou Children's Medical Center,Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,China)
出处
《国际儿科学杂志》
2025年第11期761-765,共5页
International Journal of Pediatrics
关键词
儿童
耳念珠菌
诊断
治疗
Children
Candida auris
Diagnosis
Treatment
