摘要
为优选出无人机针对桃树喷施作业的参数组合,以双旋翼农业无人机为作业平台,设置三因素三水平的正交试验,通过试验结果和极差分析研究作业高度、作业速度、喷施流量对雾滴沉积密度、均匀性和穿透性的影响规律和影响程度。结果表明:作业高度H为3.5 m、作业速度V为2.5 m/s、喷施流量T为72 L/hm^(2)时,雾滴的沉积密度最佳,平均为34.03个/cm^(2),同时具有较好的沉积均匀性和穿透性;桃树上层沉积密度的较优因素水平:H=3.5 m、V=2.5 m/s、T=108 L/hm^(2),沉积分布均匀性的较优因素水平:H=4.0 m、V=2.0 m/s、T=72 L/hm^(2);桃树中、下层沉积密度的较优因素水平:H=4.0 m、V=2.5 m/s、T=72 L/hm^(2),中层沉积分布均匀性的较优因素水平:H=4.0 m、V=1.5 m/s、T=72 L/hm^(2),下层沉积分布均匀性的较优因素水平:H=3.5 m、V=2.5 m/s、T=90 L/hm^(2);雾滴沉积穿透性的较优因素水平:H=3.5 m、V=2.0 m/s、T=108 L/hm^(2);影响雾滴沉积效果的主次顺序在树冠上、中、下3个高度层均呈现不同的结果。综合对比发现,作业高度对喷施雾滴的沉积密度和沉积均匀性影响最大,作业速度次之,喷施流量的影响最小;影响雾滴沉积密度穿透性大小的因素主次顺序为喷施流量、作业高度、作业速度。试验结果可为农业无人机在果树产业中的绿色飞防应用和发展提供理论依据。
In order to optimize the parameter combination of UAV spraying operation on peach trees,a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was set up with a double-rotor agricultural UAV as the operating platform.The influence rules and degree of operation height,operation speed and spraying flow rate on the deposition density,uniformity and penetration of droplets were studied through the test results and range analysis.The results showed that the optimal deposition density of droplets was on average 34.03 particles/cm^(2) with operation height 3.5 m,operation speed 2.5 m/s and spraying flow rate 72 L/hm^(2),and it also had good deposition uniformity and penetration.The optimal factor levels of deposition density for the upper layer of peach trees were H=3.5 m,V=2.5 m/s,T=108 L/hm^(2),and H=4.0 m,V=2.0 m/s,T=72 L/hm^(2) for uniformity of deposition distribution.The optimal factor levels of deposition density for the middle and lower layers were H=4.0 m,V=2.5 m/s,and T=72 L/hm^(2),while the optimal factor for uniformity of deposition distribution in the middle layer were H=4.0 m,V=1.5 m/s,T=72 L/hm^(2),and in the lower layer were H=3.5 m,V=2.5 m/s,T=90 L/hm^(2).The optimal factor levels for deposition penetration were H=3.5 m,V=2.0 m/s,T=108 L/hm^(2).The primary and secondary order that affected the deposition effect of droplets shows different results in the upper,middle and lower height layers of the tree crown.Through comprehensive comparison,it was found that the operation height has the greatest impact on droplets deposition density and uniformity,followed by operation speed,and the impact of the spraying flow rate is the smallest.The main and secondary factors affecting the penetration of droplets deposition density are spray flow rate,operation height,and operation speed.The experimental results can provide a theoretical basis for the green flight prevention application and development of agricultural UAV in the fruit tree industry.
作者
蒋三生
卜小东
郭辉
蒋晓
Jiang Sansheng;Bu Xiaodong;Guo Hui;Jiang Xiao(School of Smart Agricultural Engineering,Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture,Beijing,102208,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期147-152,共6页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
北京农业职业学院科技创新项目(XY—YF—23—06)。
关键词
无人机
作业参数
雾滴
沉积分布
桃树
UAV
operation parameters
droplet
deposition distribution
peach tree
