摘要
本文利用南海永兴岛气象观测站2020-2022年以及广东省珠海市、广州市和佛山市三站2018-2022年的一维雨滴谱观测数据,分析了中国南海沿海和南海北部前/后汛期降水的雨滴谱特征,包括不同汛期的D_(m)-N_(w)分布特征,粒径谱随降水强度和昼夜的变化规律,以及μ-Λ和Z-R关系式等。结果表明:受海洋较低气溶胶浓度和较大蒸发量的影响,海洋汛期降水的小雨滴数浓度低于沿海地区。对于给定的降水强度,当其小于10 mm·h^(-1)时,海洋和沿海前/后汛期降水中型雨滴的拟合谱变化趋势几乎一致;而随着降水强度的增大,不同类型降水之间的中型和大型雨滴数浓度差异逐渐增大。沿海和海洋汛期降水的大雨滴主要集中在后汛期的傍晚和夜间降水。对于μ-Λ关系,同一区域内其具有相似性,但随着Λ的增大,沿海前汛期和后汛期降水的μ值出现较大差异,其中沿海后汛期降水的μ值大于前汛期。表明前汛期降水中的小雨滴浓度低于后汛期,高浓度的小雨滴是μ相对较小的原因。此外,不同纬度的Z-R关系式存在较大差异,沿海后汛期降水的雨滴直径和数浓度均大于前汛期,海洋前/后汛期降水的雨滴直径和数浓度类似。
This study analyzes the characteristics of raindrop size distribution in the coastal areas and the northern regions of the South China Sea during pre-and post-monsoon periods.The study utilizes one-dimensional observation data from the Yongxing Island Observatory in the South China Sea from 2020 to 2022,and from three stations including Zhuhai,Guangzhou,and Foshan in Guangdong Province from 2018 to 2022.The analysis includes the D_(m)-N_(w) distribution characteristics in different flood seasons,the variations of the particle size distribution with rainfall intensity and diurnal variations,and the μ-Λ and Z-R relationships.The results show that,influenced by lower aerosol concentrations and higher evaporation rates over the ocean,the number concentration of small raindrops in oceanic flood season precipitation is lower than that in coastal precipitation.For a given rainfall intensity,when it is less than 10 mm·h-1,the fitted spectra of medium-sized raindrops in oceanic and coastal precipitation show almost consistent trends across pre-and post-flood season.However,with increasing rainfall intensity,the difference in number concentration of medium and large raindrops among different precipitation types gradually increases.The number of large raindrops in both coastal and oceanic precipitation is mainly concentrated in the evening and nighttime during the post-flood season.The μ-Λ relationships within the same region show similarity.AsΛincreases,theμvalues of coastal pre-and post-flood season precipitation show significant differences,with theμvalue of post-flood season precipitation being larger than that of the pre-flood season.This indicates that the concentration of small raindrops in pre-flood season precipitation is lower than that in post-flood season precipitation,and the high concentration of small raindrops is the reason for the relatively smallμ.Furthermore,significant differences exist in the Z-R relationships at different latitudes.The raindrop diameter and number concentration in coastal post-flood season precipitation are both larger than those in the pre-flood season,while these parameters in oceanic pre-and post-flood season precipitation are similar.
作者
黄朝盈
陈生
孙启斌
冼星河
王国章
蔡奕萍
莫伟强
HUANG Chaoying;CHEN Sheng;SUN Qibin;XIAN Xinghe;WANG Guozhang;CAI Yiping;MO Weiqiang(Dongguan Engineering Technology Research Center of Urban Eco-Environmental Meteorology,GBA Academy of Meteorological Research,Dongguan,Guangdong 523086,China;Dongguan Meteorological Bureau,Dongguan,Guangdong 523086,China;Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Sansha Meteorological Service,Sansha,Hainan 573100,China)
出处
《热带气象学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期833-846,共14页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
广西重点研发项目(AB22080104,AB22035016)
中国科学院高层次人才计划项目(E2290702)
2025年中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2025-093)
中国气象局雷达气象重点开放实验室开放课题(2023LRM-B06)
广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(GRMC2023M57)
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)重点项目(SML2023SP213)
东莞市气象局2023年科技项目(202301)共同资助。
关键词
雨滴谱
汛期降水
中国南海
Z-R关系
raindrop size distribution
flood season precipitation
South China Sea
Z-R relationship
