摘要
我国行政程序司法审查由“行为不法单一基准”演进为“行为不法与结果不法双重基准”,既有历史原因,也有现实动因。在尊重既有审查基准的前提下,有必要展开解释论作业,以化解适用争议、统一裁判尺度。可行的解释方案为:其一,对程序一般违法(违反重要程序),以行为不法为审查基准,引入抽象结果关联性,原则上推定程序瑕疵在抽象层面对实体结果产生影响,进而赋予利害关系人撤销请求权;其二,对程序轻微违法(违反非重要程序),以结果不法为审查基准,强调具体结果关联性,对“实体决定改变→实体权利变动”的影响链条严格检验。此解释方案有助于明晰行政程序的价值定位、推进理论研究的体系建构、提升实务操作的精细水平。
In China,judicial review of administrative procedures has evolved from a "single standard focusing sole on conduct-based unlawfulness" to a "dual standard that combines conduct-based and result-based unlawfulness,for both historical and practical considerations.Building on the established standard,doctrinal interpretation is necessary to resolve disputes in application and to achieve consistency in adjudicative criteria.A workable interpretive scheme is as follows.First,for ordinary procedural illegality(breaches of essential procedures),the review should adopt conduct-based unlawfulness as the standard while introducing abstract result-relatedness.This presumes,in principle,that the procedural defects affect the substantive outcome at an abstract level,thereby granting interested parties the right to seek annulment of the administrative act.Second,for minor procedural illegality(breaches of non-essential procedures),the review should adopt result-based unlawfulness as the standard in emphasizing concrete result-relatedness.This requires strict examination of the causal link"between the change in the substantive decision and the change in substantive rights".This interpretive scheme helps clarify the value role of administrative procedures,advance the systematic development of theoretical research,and enhance precision in practical implementation.
出处
《中国政法大学学报》
2025年第6期228-243,共16页
Journal Of CUPL
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“法治政府建设视野中的无效行政行为认定研究”(项目批准号:22BFX032)的阶段性成果。
关键词
行政程序
行为不法
结果不法
administrative procedure
conduct-based unlawfulness
result—based unlawfulness
