摘要
目的通过优化头盔面罩的结构配置,以降低冲击载荷传递至头部的能量,从而减少头部损伤风险。方法设计一种由聚碳酸酯与气凝胶层压复合材料制成的头盔面罩结构。采用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日(coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian,CEL)方法,验证头盔-头部耦合模型的有效性,并对不同配置的头盔面罩防护结构在冲击波作用下的力学响应进行数值模拟,分析防护结构类型和厚度对头部损伤的影响。结果配备面罩的头盔能够显著延缓冲击波对面部的传播,减少颅骨应力以及额叶和顶叶的颅内压(intracranial pressure,ICP)。在预防中度和重度创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)方面,采用单层0.6 mm厚气凝胶的3层结构面罩可使顶叶ICP降低29%,而采用双层0.6 mm厚气凝胶的5层结构面罩可使其降低35%。3层配置(单层1.2 mm厚气凝胶)对顶点颅骨应力的降低效果最佳(降幅达50%),而5层配置(双层0.6 mm厚气凝胶)在降低前点颅骨应力方面表现最优(降幅为17%)。结论聚碳酸酯与气凝胶层压复合材料组成的头盔面罩结构能有效减轻冲击波对头部的损伤,尤其是在预防中度和重度创伤性脑损伤方面,3层与5层配置的面罩提供了更佳的防护效果。研究结果为未来防护装备的设计和优化提供了重要的理论依据。
Objective To optimize the structural configuration of helmet masks to reduce the energy transmitted from shock waves to the head,thereby minimizing the risk of head injury.Methods A helmet mask structure composed of polycarbonate and aerogel laminated composite materials was designed.The coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method was used to verify the validity of the helmet-head coupling model,and numerical simulations were performed to study the mechanical responses of different helmet mask protective structures when impacted by shock waves.The effects of the type and thickness of the protective structure on head injury were analyzed.Results Helmets equipped with masks effectively delayed shock wave propagation to the face and significantly reduced skull stress and intracranial pressure(ICP)in the frontal and parietal lobes.In the prevention of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury(TBI),the three-layer configuration(0.6 mm aerogel)and the fivelayer configuration(double 0.6 mm aerogel)masks effectively reduced parietal lobe ICP by 29%and 35%,respectively.The three-layer configuration(1.2 mm aerogel)mask showed optimal performance in reducing vertex skull stress by 50%,whereas the five-layer configuration(double 0.6 mm aerogel)mask exhibited superior effectiveness in reducing frontal skull stress by 17%.Conclusions The helmet mask structure composed of polycarbonate and aerogel laminate composites can effectively reduce the damage to the head caused by explosion shock waves.In particular,this helmet mask structure is effective for preventing moderate and severe TBI.The three-and five-layer configurations provide better protection.These results provide important theoretical evidence for the optimization of protective equipment in the future.
作者
羊玢
马璇
郑扬
高峰
周荣华
邹佳佳
张星宇
YANG Bin;MA Xuan;ZHENG Yang;GAO Feng;ZHOU Ronghua;ZOU Jiajia;ZHANG Xingyu(School of Transportation Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,China;School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu,China;Zhiwu Yunxiang(Nanjing)Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210031,China)
出处
《医用生物力学》
北大核心
2025年第6期1592-1601,1637,共11页
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(12372079)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20201470)
南京工程学院研究生科技创新基金项目(TB202417038)。
关键词
冲击波
头盔面罩
气凝胶
聚碳酸酯
防护效能
shock wave
helmet mask
aerogel
polycarbonate
protective efficacy
