摘要
医疗机器人是全球高端医疗装备的发展“高地”,与人工智能、脑机接口、新一代移动通信等前沿技术跨领域融合后成为医疗行业新质生产力的重要组成部分;把握医疗机器人关键技术研究态势,将支撑我国医疗机器人领域精准布局、提升医疗机器人产业技术竞争力。本文基于多维度的调研与评估,立足医疗机器人的发展需求,明晰了手术机器人、康复机器人、诊断机器人、其他医疗机器人的应用现状,梳理了结构设计、运动控制、感知反馈、信息处理与导航、远程通信与人机交互、人工智能辅助诊疗等医疗机器人关键技术方向的研究进展;进一步提炼出智能化与自主化、小型化与柔性化、交互多模态化与远程化、系统集成化与生态协同等医疗机器人关键技术突破方向。相关研究成果厘清了医疗机器人技术发展脉络与整体态势,为构建自主可控的医疗装备产业体系、提升医疗科技核心竞争力提供了理论支撑与决策参考。
Medical robotics are a strategic frontier in global high-end medical equipment.Integrated with advanced technologies like artificial intelligence(AI)and brain‒computer interfaces,they become a key component of new-quality productive forces in the medical industry.A comprehensive understanding of the research landscape in core technologies of medical robotics will facilitate targeted advancements in China’s medical robotics industry,thereby strengthening its technological competitiveness.Through multidimensional analysis,this study summarizes advances in surgical,rehabilitation,diagnostic,and other medical robots,and analyzes core technologies including structural design,motion control,sensory feedback,information processing and navigation,remote communication and human‒robot interaction,and AI-assisted diagnostics.The key development directions are identified as follows:intelligent and autonomous systems,miniaturization and flexible design,multimodal interactive and remote capabilities,and system integration and ecosystem synergy.Relevant research findings have delineated the development trajectory and overall trends in medical robotics technologies,offering a theoretical foundation and decision-making support for establishing a self-sufficient and controllable medical equipment industry system,thereby enhancing the core competitiveness of medical science and technologies.
作者
赵建厂
张鑫
郝石磊
蔡开勇
王树新
Zhao Jianchang;Zhang Xin;Hao Shilei;Cai Kaiyong;Wang Shuxin(Institute of Medical Robotics and Intelligent Systems,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300392,China;Bioengineering College,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《中国工程科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期68-80,共13页
Strategic Study of CAE
基金
中国工程院咨询项目“医疗机器人关键技术及核心零部件战略研究”(2023-XBZD-19)。
关键词
医疗机器人
结构设计
信息处理
远程通信
人机交互
medical robotics
structural design
information processing
remote communication
human‒robot interaction
