摘要
以籽粒密度存在显著差异的芥菜型油菜品系X396和X568作为父本和母本连续自交7代构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体为供试材料,分别在5种不同环境条件下种植并对其籽粒密度表型进行测量,分析该性状的遗传力及数量性状(QTL)效应。结果共检测到3个与籽粒密度相关的加性QTL,分别为qSD2-4、qSD2-86、qSD11-74,其加性效应为-0.2698~0.1172,主要分布在芥菜型油菜A02和B01染色体上;籽粒密度性状的广义遗传率为75.70%,狭义遗传率为23.29%。表明芥菜型油菜的籽粒密度性状表型变异主要受遗传因素控制,狭义遗传率显著低于广义遗传率,揭示出仅23.29%的变异为可稳定遗传的加性效应贡献,52.41%的遗传变异来自显性和上位性等非加性效应,且其加性×加性上位性QTL互作效应不明显。同时,筛选到3个在5种环境下籽粒密度都相对较高的优异育种资源,其籽粒密度与高值亲本接近。研究表明,芥菜型油菜籽粒密度性状受加性QTL主导,非加性效应贡献显著,主效QTL位点qSD2-86与特异互作位点qSD7-9×qSD18-23可作为分子标记辅助选择的关键靶点,且环境互作效应下筛选的优异资源为遗传改良提供了重要材料。
The recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was constructed by continuous self-pollination of 7 generations with the Brassica juncea strain X396 as the father and X568 as the mother,which showed significant differences in seed density,as the test material.The seed density phenotypes were measured under 5 different environmental conditions to analyze the heritability and QTL effect of this trait.A total of 3 additive QTL like SD2-4,qSD2-86 and qSD11-74 related to seed density were detected,with additive effects ranging from-0.2698 to 0.1172,mainly distributed on the A02 and B01 chromosomes of Brassica juncea.The broad heritability of the seed density trait was 75.70%,and the narrow heritability was 23.29%.It indicated that the phenotypic variation of the seed density trait of Brassica juncea was mainly controlled by genetic factors.The narrow heritability was significantly lower than the broad heritability,revealing that only 23.29%of the variation was contributed by additive effects that could be stably inherited,while 52.41%of the genetic variation came from non-additive effects such as dominant and superdominant,and the additive×additive superdominant QTL interaction effect was not obvious.Meanwhile,three excellent breeding resources with relatively high seed density in five environments were screened out,and their seed density was close to that of the high-value parents.Studies had shown that the seed density trait of Brassica juncea was dominated by additive QTL,with significant contribution from non-additive effects.The main effect QTL QSD2-86 and the specific interaction site qSD7-9×qSD18-23 could serve as key targets for molecular marker-assisted selection,and the excellent resources screened under environmental interaction effects provided important materials for genetic improvement.
作者
马君
柳海东
李开祥
姚艳梅
MA Jun;LIU Haidong;LI Kaixiang;YAO Yanmei(Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University/Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources/Key Laboratory of Spring Rapeseed Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province/Qinghai Research Branch of the National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《种子》
北大核心
2025年第11期1-7,18,共8页
Seed
基金
青海省春油菜遗传改良重点实验室项目(2025)
国家自然科学基金项目(32360516)
2023年西部之光项目
国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12)。
关键词
芥菜型油菜
籽粒密度
加性效应
QTL与环境互作效应
上位互作效应
Brassica juncea
seed density
additive effect
QTL-environment interaction effects
epistatic interaction effects
