摘要
目的分析儿童眼科疾病谱的变化趋势及分布特征,为儿童眼科疾病的预防与诊治提供参考依据。方法回顾性研究2020年1月1日—2024年12月31日天津市某三甲儿童专科医院眼科门急诊初次就诊的406313例患者就诊资料,对各年龄组就诊情况、疾病分类、性别比例及地区来源进行统计分析,比较不同年龄段以及不同性别间眼科病种构成及顺位差异,组间率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果眼科排名前10位疾病分别为变应性结膜炎、急性结膜炎、屈光不正、睑板腺囊肿、泪囊炎、眼脸疾患、干眼症、眼球和眶组织挫伤、睑板腺炎和睑内翻,占全部门急诊眼科患者的89.42%;男女患者比例为1.47:1。单一眼科疾病患者居多,共307614例,占76.87%。就诊患者主要集中在天津市及周边地区,以学龄前期和学龄期儿童为主,共231539例,占63.73%,疾病谱在年龄分布上差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。各年龄段疾病谱顺位虽然不同,但前10位病种基本一致。结论变应性结膜炎、急性结膜炎、屈光不正、睑板腺囊肿和泪囊炎为各年龄段眼科患者高发疾病,为各级医疗机构眼科医师防治工作重点,学龄前期和学龄期患者为重点防治人群,医师应结合疾病谱和各年龄段患者特点,采取有效的预防与治疗措施,促进儿童眼科健康发展。
Objectives To analyze the changing trends and distribution characteristics of pediatric ophthalmic diseases,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of pediatric ophthalmic diseases.Method A retrospective study was conducted on the medical data of 406313 patients who first visited the ophthalmology department of a Three A and Tertiary Children's Specialized Hospital in Tianjin from January 1st,2020 to December 31st,2024.Statistical analysis was conducted on the medical situation,disease classification,gender ratio,and regional origin of each age group.The differences in the composition and ranking of ophthalmic diseases between different age groups and genders were compared,and the comparison of inter group rates was conducted usingχ^(2)test.Results The top 10 diseases in ophthalmology were allergic conjunctivitis,acute conjunctivitis,refractive errors,meibomian gland cysts,dacryocystitis,ocular and facial diseases,dry eye syndrome,ocular and orbital tissue contusions,meibomian gland inflammation,and entropion,accounting for 89.42%of emergency ophthalmic patients in the department.There were more male patients than female patients,with a male to female ratio of 1.47:1.The majority of patients with a single ophthalmic disease were 307614 cases(76.87%).The patients who sought medical treatment were mainly concentrated in Tianjin and surrounding areas,with a total of 231539 cases(63.73%)being preschool and school-age children.There was a statistically significant difference in the age distribution of the disease spectrum(P<0.05).Although the order of disease spectrum varies among different age groups,the top ten diseases are basically the same,mainly concentrated in pre-school and school-age patients,with a total of 231539 cases(63.73%).Conclusions Allergic conjunctivitis,acute conjunctivitis,refractive errors,meibomian gland cysts,and dacryocystitis were high-risk diseases among ophthalmic patients of all ages,and were the focus of prevention and treatment work for ophthalmologists at all levels of medical institutions.Preschool and school-age patients were the key population for prevention and treatment.Physicians should take effective prevention and treatment measures based on the disease spectrum and characteristics of patients of all ages to promote the healthy development of pediatric ophthalmology.
作者
东振彩
程潇
程方
樊雪琪
冀晨
Dong Zhencai;Cheng Xiao;Cheng Fang;Fan Xueqi;Ji Chen(Tianjin University Children's Hospital/Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control,Tianjin 300074,China;不详)
出处
《中国病案》
2025年第12期83-86,共4页
Chinese Medical Record
基金
2024年天津市医学伦理学会科研项目(tjyxll2410)
天津市医院协会2024年度医院管理研究项目(2024zc057)。
关键词
儿童
眼科疾病
病种
Children
Ophthalmic diseases
Disease type
