摘要
目的分析极低出生体质量儿中早产儿视网膜病变（retinopathyofprematurity，ROP）发病情况及相关的危险因素。方法选择2009年3月至2010年12月我院住院的出生体质量≤1500g的早产儿，使用RetCam数字视网膜照相机和间接检眼镜进行ROP筛查，分析相关因素。结果筛查出生体质量≤1500g患儿519例（1038眼），发现ROP313眼（30．15％），激光治疗81眼（7．80％）。出生体质量≤1000g组、〉1000～1500g组ROP检出率（52．78％、28．47％）、激光治疗百分比（19．44％、6．94％）差异均有统计学意义（均为P〈0．05）；出生体质量≤1000g的38眼中I区ROP发生率（52．63％）、附加病变发生率（36．84％）明显高于出生体质量〉1000g者（均为P〈0．05）；出生胎龄≤28周、〉28～32周、〉32～35周ROP检出率（46．07％、31．07％、7．24％）、激光治疗的百分比（17．98％、6．78％、0．66％）间差异均有统计学意义（均为P〈0．05）；有吸氧史者ROP发生率（44．17％）和激光治疗比率（11．04％）明显高于无吸氧史者（6．48％、2．33％）（P〈0．05），多胎与单胎间发生ROP的差异无统计学意义（24．51％、31．53％）（χ2=3．841，P=0．050）。结论出生胎龄越小，出生体质量越低，ROP检出率越高，病变越重。吸氧是ROP发生的高危因素。应规范筛查ROP，及时治疗。
Objective To observe the prevalence and the risk factors of retinop- athy of prematurity （ROP）among very low birth weight infants. Methods Totall 519 very low birth weight infants （ 1038 eyes）were treated in our hospital from March 2009 to December 2010. ROP were screened by RetCam fundus widefield imaging camera or a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope until the retina was entirely vascularised, and the related factors were analyzed. Results The incidence of ROP and that treated by laser among very low birth weight infants in our study was 30. 15% （313 eyes）and 7.80% （81 eyes）. The incidence of ROP （52. 78% vs 28. 57% ） and that treated by laser （ 19.44% vs 7.04% ） in subgroup with birth weight ≤ 1000 g was significantly higher than the subgroup with birth weight from 1001 g to 1500 g （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. The Zone 1 ROP（52.53% ）and with plus disease （35.84%）among the infants with birth weight 1000 g were more than those among the infants with birth weight 〉 1000 g （ all P 〈 0.05）. There were statistical difference in the ROP incidence（46.07% , 31.07% and 7.24% ）and that treated by laser（ 17.98% , 5.78% and 1.57% ） among group with ges- tional age ~〈 28 weeks, group with gestional age from 28 weeks to 32 weeks and group with gestional age from 32 weeks to 35 weeks） （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of ROP and that treated by laser in oxygen group（44.17% , ll. 04% ）were higher than those in non-oxygen group（5.48% , 2.33% ） （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. ROP infants in multiple gestational births group was not significantly different from that in single gestational births group （24.51% , 31.53% ） （χ2 = 3.841, P = 0.050）. Conclusion The shorter gestational age and lower birth weight are, the higher incidence and more severe degree of ROP are. Oxygen is the high risk factor of ROP. Routine screening of fundus in premature infants mav be helnful for the earlv detection of ROP.
出处
《眼科新进展》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第4期361-363,共3页
Recent Advances in Ophthalmology
