摘要
本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,基于全面质量管理TQM理论框架,以体操竞技水平位居世界前列的美国、日本、俄罗斯等国家为例,系统梳理众强国优秀后备人才培养的创新模式与实践经验,探析其在管理机制、培养机制、合作机制、保障机制4个维度的发展趋势:美国依托“NCAA大学联赛—职业俱乐部”双轨制实现体教深度融合,日本以“少年梯队—全国竞赛选拔”衔接保障人才持续发展,俄罗斯延续“中央集权+区域选拔”的高效选材体系。同时,对比我国后备人才培养现状,提出完善我国体操人才培养的策略:构建体教融合、多元协同的后备人才选拔质量管理体系,建立科学规范、医训一体的分阶段训练质量管理体系,完善公开透明、双向互评的人才输送质量管理机制,构建全链条闭环式、动态优化的人才培养质量反馈机制。
This study adopts a mixed methods approach—including literature research,expert interviews,and logical analysis—to examine the training systems for elite gymnasts in top-tier gymnastics nations such as the United States,Japan,and Russia,using the Total Quality Management(TQM)framework.It systematically analyzes innovative models and practical experiences in talent cultivation across four dimensions:management structure,training methodology,collaborative mechanisms,and support systems.Noteworthy approaches include the U.S.dual track system integrating NCAA collegiate athletics with professional clubs,Japan's seamless youth-to-national competition pathway,and Russia maintains an efficient talent identification system characterized by"centralized governance and regional selection."By contrasting these systems with the current state of talent development in China,this paper proposes improvement strategies:establishing a quality management system for talent selection that integrates sports and education with multi-stakeholder collaboration,implementing a scientifically standardized and phased training quality management system that combines medical support and training,improving a transparent two-way evaluation mechanism for talent promotion,and developing a closed loop,dynamically optimized feedback mechanism for the entire talent cultivation process.
作者
刘芷琳
谢杰
喻诗晴
Liu Zhilin;Xie Jie;Yu Shiqing(School of Physical Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China;不详)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2025年第11期22-26,共5页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
关键词
世界体操强国
人才培养
竞技体育
TQM理论
world gymnastics powerhouses
talent development
competitive sports
TQM theory
