摘要
爆破破岩过程中,岩体中节理、裂隙的存在影响了爆炸破碎效果,部分有限元数值模拟软件能够实现节理岩体的爆破破岩模拟,但难以实现裂纹的定量描述。采用LSDYNA软件,建立含节理条件的岩体数值模型,分析了节理面对爆炸应力波的阻碍、反射作用,将爆生裂纹图像二值化处理,采用Hough变换方法实现了二值化图像中的裂纹提取,并采用极大似然估计法分析了裂纹图像统计结果。结果表明:节理的存在严重阻碍了爆生应力波的传播作用,峰值应力减少约为60%,炮孔与节理间的岩体由于反射作用受到了更强的应力叠加作用,破碎效果更为显著;爆炸的初始阶段小裂纹出现概率较大,结束时则以长裂纹为主,此过程中许多短裂纹扩展为长裂纹,裂纹角度的分布较为平均;节理角度45°及60°条件下的长裂纹分布更为均匀,极值不明显;节理为15°及30°时的垂直方向裂纹发育较为明显,Hough变换方法实现了数值模拟结果中裂纹图像的定量统计。
In the process of blasting rock breaking,the existence of joints and fissures in rock mass affects the blasting crushing effect.Some finite element numerical simulation software can realize the blasting rock breaking simulation of jointed rock mass,while it is difficult to realize the quantitative description of cracks.A numerical model of jointed rock mass was established using LS-DYNA software to analyze the obstruction and reflection effects of joint surfaces on explosion stress waves.The images of blast-induced cracks were binarized,and crack extraction from the binary images was achieved using the Hough transform method.Statistical results of the crack images were subsequently analyzed through the maximum likelihood estimation method.The results show that:The existence of joints seriously hinders the propagation of blasting stress wave,and the peak stress is reduced by about 60%.The rock mass between blast hole and joint is subjected to stronger stress superposition due to reflection,and the crushing effect is more remarkable;In the initial stage of explosion,the occurrence probability of small cracks is large,and at the end,it is dominated by long cracks.In this process,many short cracks expand into long cracks,and the distribution of crack angles is relatively average.The distribution of long cracks with joint angles of 45°and 60°is more uniform,and the extreme value is not obvious.When the joints are 15°and 30°,the crack development in the vertical direction is obvious.The Hough transform method realizes the quantitative result statistics of crack images in the numerical simulation results.
作者
王雪松
郭连军
张久洋
闫大洋
徐振洋
Wang Xuesong;Guo Lianjun;Zhang Jiuyang;Yan Dayang;Xu Zhenyang(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,P.R.China;Engineering Research Center of Green Mining of Metal Mineral Resources,Anshan,Liaoning 114051,P.R.China;Ansteel Mining Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Anshan,Liaoning 114051,P.R.China)
出处
《地下空间与工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期2060-2070,2121,共12页
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51974187)
辽宁科技大学青年骨干人才项目(601011507-25)
辽宁省教育厅项目(LJKZ0282)
辽宁省科技计划联合计划项目(2025-BSLH-198)。
关键词
岩体爆破
数值模拟
HOUGH变换
极大似然估计
rock blasting
numerical simulation
Hough transform
maximum likelihood estimation
