摘要
为明确31份哈萨克斯坦小麦种质的综合品质和其醇溶蛋白组成对品质性状的影响,测定分析其粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率、粉质特性、糊化特性和主要矿物质元素含量等性状,并利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)技术分析其醇溶蛋白组成。结果表明,31份哈萨克斯坦小麦种质的糊化特性与粉质特性遗传类型丰富,根据综合品质结果筛选出8份强筋和8份中强筋小麦种质,其中3份种质达到Ca和Fe含量推荐标准。共检测到426条醇溶蛋白谱带,谱带数出现范围为每种材料6~25条,平均每种材料13.74条;迁移率69.5的谱带出现频率最高;遗传相似系数(GS)平均值为0.292,92.47%的GS值在0.100~0.500。迁移率43.3、51.9、78和80.7的谱带对吸水率、灰分含量、面粉白度和破损淀粉具有极显著的正向作用,但对最低粘度、最终粘度、回升值和面筋指数具有极显著的负向作用;迁移率65.6和77.9的谱带对稳定时间以及迁移率61.1的谱带对湿面筋含量具有极显著的正向作用(P<0.01)。本研究筛选出8份强筋和8份中强筋小麦种质,发现多条与品质形状有显著相关性的谱带,可为小麦品质育种工作提供材料和理论基础。
To clarify the comprehensive quality of 31 Kazakh wheat germplasm accessions and investigate the influence of gliadin composition on quality traits,parameters such as crude protein content,wet gluten content,water absorption rate,farinograph parameters,gelatinization properties,and the contents of major mineral elements were determined and analyzed.The gliadin composition was analyzed using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(A-PAGE)technique.The results indicated a wide diversity in gelatinization and farinograph characteristics among the 31 Kazakh wheat germplasm accessions.Based on the comprehensive quality results,eight strong gluten and eight medium-strong gluten wheat accessions were identified.Among them,three germplasm met the recommended standards for Ca and Fe contents.A total of 426 gliadin bands were detected,ranging from 6 to 25 per sample,with an average of 13.74 bands per sample.The gliadin band with a migration rate of 69.5 exhibited the highest frequency.The average genetic similarity coefficient(GS)was 0.292,with 92.47% of GS values falling within the range of 0.100 to 0.500.Bands with migration rates of 43.3,51.9,78.0,and 80.7 had highly significant positive effects on water absorption rate,ash content,flour whiteness,and damaged starch,but extremely significant negative effects on minimum viscosity,final viscosity,setback value,and gluten index.Bands with migration rates of 65.6 and 77.9 had extremely significant positive effects on stability time,while the band at 61.1 showed a highly significant positive effect on wet gluten content(P<0.01).This study identified strong and medium-strong gluten wheat germplasm lines and discovered several gliadin bands significantly correlated with quality traits,providing both germplasm resources and a theoretical basis for wheat quality breeding.
作者
玉应罕
田汉钊
应开
尚旭阁
张正茂
Oleg Solovyev
吴桂玲
刘宝龙
刘玉秀
YU Yinghan;TIAN Hanzhao;YING Kai;SHANG Xuge;ZHANG Zhengmao;Oleg Solovyev;WU Guiling;LIU Baolong;LIU Yuxiu(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Agricultural Experimental Station of Northern Kazakhstan Agricultural Technology Laboratory,Science Department,Petropavlovsk,North Kazakhstan 111800,Kazakhstan;Cereal Technology Academy,Jinshahe Flour and Noddle Group,Beijing 100068,China;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2202-2213,共12页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家自然科学青年基金(32101698)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024GH-ZDXM-07)
国家外专项目(DL2022172010L)
优质旱地小麦新品种选育及‘普冰322’的示范推广(TGZX2021-9)
中国科学院“全球共性挑战专项”(077GJHZ2023028GC)。
