摘要
为探究北京地区基质栽培草莓高温季节肥料的最佳供应策略,为草莓品质、产量的提高及化肥减量施用提供技术支持。本研究以‘红颜’草莓为试验材料,在最适宜草莓生长发育的氮钾比例1∶2的基础上,设置不同土壤电导率(EC值)浓度(1.2、1.4、1.6 mS/cm),通过测定茎高、株高、冠幅、产量等生长发育指标,以及可溶性糖、可滴定酸、糖酸比、维生素C含量等品质指标,探索最佳营养液浓度,研究不同营养液浓度对草莓果实品质、生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,在草莓基质栽培最佳施用氮钾肥比例1∶2基础上,当EC值为1.6 m S/cm时,可溶性糖、糖酸比及SPAD值高于其他处理,即若以品质为目标,可调整EC值到1.6 mS/cm;当EC值为1.4 mS/cm时,可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量达到最高,平均单果质量达到26.51 g,与最大值27.26 g相差不大,即如果兼顾产量和品质,可调整EC值到1.4 mS/cm。本研究能够为基质草莓生产提供理论基础,并能增强农户规范施肥意识。
This study was conducted to investigate the optimal fertilization strategy for substrate-cultivated strawberries during the high-temperature season in Beijing,aiming to enhance fruit quality,increase yield,and reduce chemical fertilizer usage.Using the‘Benihoppe’strawberry as the experimental material,based on the optimal nitrogen-to-potassium ratio(1∶2)for strawberry growth and development,different EC concentrations(1.2,1.4,1.6 mS/cm)were set.By measuring growth indicators such as stem height,plant height,crown diameter,and yield,as well as quality indicators including soluble sugar,titratable acid,sugar-to-acid ratio,vitamin C content,the optimal nutrient solution concentration was determined.This study investigated the effects of different nutrient solution concentrations on strawberry fruit quality,growth,development and yield.Based on the optimal nitrogen-to-potassium ratio(1∶2)for soilless strawberry cultivation,if the goal was to prioritize fruit quality,the EC value could be adjusted to 1.6 mS/cm.If the aim was to balance both yield and quality,the EC value could be adjusted to 1.4 mS/cm.This study can provide a theoretical basis for substrate strawberry production and enhance farmers'awareness of standardized fertilization.
作者
李美嬉
耿恬瑜
聂青
宗静
曲明山
李婷
LI Meixi;GENG Tianyu;NIE Qing;ZONG Jing;QU Mingshan;LI Ting(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environent,Tianjin University Of Agriculture,Tianjin 300392,China;College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中国果菜》
2025年第12期59-63,共5页
China Fruit & Vegetable
基金
北京市特色作物创新团队(BAIC4-2025)。
关键词
草莓
基质栽培
营养液
品质
产量
糖酸比
Strawberry
soilless-cultivated
nutrient solution
quality
yield
sugar-acid ratio
