摘要
国际科技竞争日益加剧,部分国家推行技术民族主义,国际科技合作面临新的政治干扰。随着中国等后发国家的崛起,全球科技创新的力量对比格局正发生重大变化。开放合作支撑科技自立自强的研究日益受到社会各界广泛关注,中国必须坚持科技创新的全球视野,基于开放科学理念,推动形成具有全球竞争力的开放创新生态,以实现高水平科技自立自强。以习近平总书记关于科技自立自强与开放合作关系的论述为指导,基于开放科学理念的创新视角,构建“基于开放科学理念打造支撑中国科技自立自强的开放创新生态”理论框架。打造支撑中国科技自立自强的开放创新生态面临科研范式和组织方式快速变革、科技“脱钩”趋势加剧、支撑创新高地的核心城市缺乏国际竞争力以及全球共同挑战遭遇政治化,跨国科技合作生态受冲击等挑战。深入总结开放合作支撑科技自立自强的规律,学习借鉴美国科技外交战略的实践经验,提出重塑开放创新生态发展环境、构建开放创新生态的关键枢纽、激发开放创新生态新活力、打造开放创新生态核心动力的开放合作支撑科技自立自强的主要发力路径。重点从创新范式新突破、跨市场、跨领域、跨国别和跨区域五个方面发力,提出关注科研范式变革、建设特定载体、发展特殊区域、强化科技合作、聚力“一带一路”创新合作。
Against the backdrop of the profound changes unseen in a century in the world and the in-depth development of the new round of scientific and technological revolution,scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening have become the core strategy for China to respond to international scientific and technological competition and global chal-lenges.This article centers on the theme of"Building an open innovation Ecosystem to support China's scientific and tech-nological self-reliance and self-strengthening Based on the concept of open science",systematically exploring how China can achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening through deepening open cooperation and optimizing the innovation ecosystem under the complex international situation.This research adopts a multi-disciplinary approach,integrating literature analysis,case studies and comparative studies.Guided by Chinese President Xi jinping's important remarks on scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening and open cooperation,it systematically reviews the evolution process and international practices of the concept of open science,and draws on the experiences and lessons of technologically advanced regions such as the United States and the European Union.A theoretical model of an"open innovation ecosystem featuring multi-party collaboration and multi-party collaboration and multi-dimensional mutual embedding"has been constructed.This model is characterized by the collaborative nature of innovation entities,the openness of innovation activities,the globalization of innovation net-works,and the digital transformation of innovation governance.It emphasizes the interactive coupling of multiple entities such as the government,enterprises,universities,research institutions,and the general public,as well as the multi-dimen-sional integration of resources across markets,fields,countries,and regions.Realize the openness,resilience and sus-tainable evolution of the innovation ecosystem.The research results show that China faces four major challenges in promoting the implementation of this model:the rapid changes in scientific research paradigms and organizational methods bring about systemic adaptation pressure;In the context of anti-globalization,technological"decoupling"and cross-border cooperation have been hindered.The core cities of the innovation highland have competitiveness shortcomings such as insufficient R&D investment and relatively weak capacity for technology transfer.The politicization of global challenges has led to the impairment of the effectiveness of in-ternational cooperation mechanisms.In response to the above challenges,this paper proposes four dimensions of path selec-tion:First,reshape the development environment of an open and innovative ecosystem,promote the transformation of the scientific research evaluation system towards quality,contribution and influence orientation,and establish a long-term mechanism for talent introduction and cultivation;Second,it serves as a key hub for building an open and innovative ecosystem,deepening R&D cooperation with multinational enterprises and strengthening the leading role of domestic en-terprises in the supply of common technologies and integrated innovation.Third,stimulate new vitality in innovation high-lands,strengthen the layout of strategic scientific and technological forces in core cities,and promote the in-depth integra-tion of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.Fourth,it is the core driving force for building an open and innova-tive ecosystem.By deeply participating in global science and technology governance and relying on the high-quality devel-opment of the Belt and Road Initiative,it expands the space for scientific and technological cooperation.The theoretical innovation of this paper mainly lies in the construction of an open innovation ecosystem theoretical model that integrates multiple subjects and multi-dimensional resources,breaking through the linear thinking and single subject limitations of traditional innovation theories,and providing a new perspective for understanding the dialectical rela-tionship between open science and scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening.However,the research still has certain limitations,mainly reflected in the fact that the theoretical model has not yet undergone large-scale empiri-cal testing,and the adaptability and effectiveness of the proposed policy suggestions at the specific implementation level need to be further verified.This article emphasizes that openness and cooperation as well as self-reliance and self-strengthening have an inherent dialectical unity.Under the guidance of the concept of open science,China must promote the transformation of this theoreti-cal model into practice through systematic,holistic and collaborative institutional and mechanism innovations,and build an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness.This ecosystem not only aims to break through the technological bottlenecks that are"bottleneck"issues and enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system,but also can contribute Chinese wisdom to the emerging governance paradigm of science and technology and the sustainable develop-ment of mankind.
作者
慕慧娟
丁明磊
石敏杰
马兵
MU Huijuan;DING Minglei;SHI Minjie;MA Bing(College of Wealth Management,Ningbo University of Finance and Economics,Ningbo 315175,China;China Association for International Science and Technology Cooperation,Beijing 100038,China;New Quality Productive Forces Promotion Center of Ministry of Science and Technology,Beijing 100038,China;China Academy of Science and Technology Development Strategy,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《科学学与科学技术管理》
北大核心
2025年第11期86-102,共17页
Science of Science and Management of S.& T.
基金
国家高端智库重点研究课题(ZXZK202410)。
关键词
开放合作
科技自立自强
开放科学
开放创新生态
科技创新共同体
open cooperation
scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening
open science
open in-novation ecology
scientific and technological innovation community
