摘要
先进绝热压缩空气储能(AA-CAES)技术是具有发展前景的大容量储能技术之一。建立AA-CAES系统动态模型并在此基础上开展动态特性研究,对AA-CAES系统优化设计、提升系统稳定性,具有一定的理论与工程意义。首先,提出多级组合式压缩机与多级轴流透平动力学建模方法,研究AA-CAES系统关键物理量相互影响机理,建立AA-CAES系统各关键部件动态模型,并进行有效性验证;其次,提出AA-CAES系统全工况动态仿真模型,研究各部件间参数耦合关系;最后,在所建动态模型上开展系统“压缩—停机—发电”全工况动态仿真,分析了系统启动、爬坡及停机等动态过程。仿真结果表明,所建模型可以反映AA-CAES系统动态特性,表征系统动态过程中各关键参数的耦合关系,为优化AA-CAES系统运行、改善调控策略提供支撑。
The intermittency and unpredictability of renewable energy sources,such as photovoltaic(PV)and wind power,pose significant challenges to grid stability.Advanced energy storage technologies have attracted considerable attention in both academic and industrial fields.Among them,advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage(AA-CAES)is considered a promising solution for large-scale energy storage applications.Accurately characterizing the dynamic response and regulation capabilities of large-scale AA-CAES systems is essential.To this end,developing robust dynamic models and conducting systematic analyses are crucial.To investigate the dynamic characteristics of the AA-CAES system,the interaction mechanisms of key physical parameters are analyzed.A dynamic modeling approach based on conservation laws and empirical formulas is employed to establish mathematical models for the multistage compressor and turbine.Additionally,dynamic models for other critical components,including the underground cavern,heat storage chamber,and heat exchanger,are systematically developed.Each component model is validated against experimental data from existing literature to ensure accuracy and reliability.By integrating the validated models of all critical components,a comprehensive dynamic model of the entire AA-CAES system is constructed.This model is then used to conduct full-condition dynamic simulations of the system's operational cycles,including“compression-shutdown-power generation”processes.The three dynamic characteristics of startup,shutdown,and ramp-up are also simulated for the system operating parameters.The simulation analysis leads to the following conclusions.(1)The operating parameter variations of the key component models are consistent with actual conditions.The system's dynamic model accurately captures parameter variations under all operating conditions.(2)Through the dynamic analysis of the entire operation process,the evolution of multiple parameters in the‘Compression-Stop-Generation’process is determined.Specifically,during the generator startup process,the initial power ramp-up rate is relatively slow but eventually exceeds the rotor's ramp-up rate.The per-unit efficiency remains consistently higher than the per-unit speed.The inertia time constant is directly proportional to the startup time,whereas the rate of increase in turbine inlet air pressure is inversely proportional to the startup time.(3)Dynamic simulation of the AA-CAES system startup,climb,and shutdown processes.By establishing performance indices,the dynamic characteristics of the system are further clarified.During the startup process,a larger inertia time constant imposes greater limitations on the speed ramp-up rate.In contrast,a higher air pressure ramp-up rate results in a greater initial acceleration of speed.In the ramp-up phase,lower initial power generation results in larger fluctuations in rotor speed and output power,as well as longer ramp-up durations.During the shutdown process,turbine speed and power output are primarily determined by the pressure differential between the turbine inlet and outlet,with the shutdown time coinciding with the moment when the pressure differential reaches its minimum value.
作者
侯心宇
苗世洪
王廷涛
王佳旭
王杰
姚福星
Hou Xinyu;Miao Shihong;Wang Tingtao;Wang Jiaxu;Wang Jie;Yao Fuxing(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074 China;School of Electrical and Electric Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
北大核心
2025年第24期8123-8135,共13页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFB2406500)。
关键词
先进绝热压缩空气储能
动态建模
全工况仿真
动态特性
大容量
Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage(AA-CAES)
dynamic modeling
full-operating-condition simulation
dynamic characteristics
large capacity
