摘要
土壤酸化正在威胁着中国的农业生产和生态平衡,湖北省由于地形气候和人为因素的影响,土壤持有养分并转化成可吸收形态的能力被削弱从而影响作物产量和质量。为揭示土壤酸化对农用地及农作物生物化学方面的影响,于2021—2023年对湖北省各区域土壤pH进行监测,发现西南部和南部酸化程度最重,西北部酸化速率最快,并选取2个代表地区系统检测pH、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基总量、全磷、全铝及有效磷6项关键指标。结果表明,土壤酸化制约了土壤盐基阳离子的交换性,从而造成土壤板结贫瘠,同时抑制磷向有效磷的转化导致营养素利用率低,若不加以控制土地便会进入“酸化-减产-增肥-更酸化”的恶性循环。
Soil acidification was posing a significant threat to agricultural production and ecological balance in China.In Hubei Province,due to the influence of topography,climate,and human activities,the soil’s capacity to hold nutrients and convert them into absorbable forms has been weakened,consequently affecting crop yields and quality.To investigate the biochemical impacts of soil acidification on agricultural land and crops,the soil pH across various regions of Hubei Province from 2021 to 2023 was monitored.The results revealed that the southwestern and southern regions experienced the most severe acidification,while the northwestern region exhibited the fastest acidification rate.Two representative areas were selected for systematic analysis of six key indicators:pH,cation exchange capacity,total exchangeable bases,total phosphorus,total aluminum,and available phosphorus.The experiments demonstrated that soil acidification restricted the exchange ability of base cations,leading to soil compaction and impoverishment.Simultaneously,it inhibited the transformation of phosphorus into available forms,resulting in low nutrient use efficiency.If left uncontrolled,this would push the land into a vicious cycle of“acidification-reduced yield-increased fertilizer application-further acidification”.
作者
尹宏畅
王明锐
操凤
杨国秀
姚晶晶
YIN Hong-chang;WANG Ming-rui;CAO Feng;YANG Guo-xiu;YAO Jing-jing(Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products/Agricultural and Rural Products Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Wuhan),Wuhan 430064,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Danjiangkou City,Hubei Province,Danjiangkou 442700,Hubei,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2025年第12期84-88,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
关键词
土壤酸化
阳离子交换量
交换性盐基总量
磷
铝
化学效应
生态效应
soil acidification
cation exchange capacity
total exchangeable bases
phosphorus
aluminum
chemical effects
ecological effects
