摘要
突发公共卫生事件具有突发性、扩散性与破坏性特征,对医疗机构应急能力提出严峻挑战。本文基于4R危机管理理论,通过文献分析与案例研究,系统探讨医院在应对此类事件中的管理现状及优化路径。研究发现,当前医院存在危机识别能力薄弱、应急联动效率不高、应急预案欠完备、监测预警欠完善、专业人才储备不足及物资统筹管理欠佳等核心问题。对此本文提出分阶段优化策略:缩减阶段强调风险评估与资源整合;预备阶段侧重完善智能监测与情景模拟演练;反应阶段注重扁平化指挥机制与跨部门协作网络;恢复阶段聚焦事件复盘与危机转化。本研究表明,4R理论通过全周期、多维度管理,能够有效提升医院应急体系的韧性与响应效能,为突发公共卫生事件的科学防控提供理论支撑与实践参考。
Sudden public health emergencies have the characteristics of suddenness,diffusion,and destruction,posing severe challenges to the emergency response capabilities of medical institutions.Based on the 4R crisis management theory,this paper systematically explores the current management status and optimization paths of hospitals in responding to such events through literature analysis and case studies.Research findings reveal that the current hospitals are confronted with core issues such as weak crisis identification capabilities,low efficiency in emergency response coordination,incomplete emergency plans,inadequate monitoring and early warning,insufficient reserves of professional talents,and poor overall management of materials.Then,this paper proposes a phased optimization strategy for this:the reduction stage emphasizes risk assessment and resource integration;the preparatory stage focuses on improving intelligent monitoring and scenario simulation exercises;the response stage emphasizes a flat command mechanism and a cross-departmental collaboration network;and the recovery stage focuses on event review and crisis transformation.This study concludes that the 4R theory can effectively enhance the resilience and response efficiency of hospital emergency systems through full cycle and multi-dimensional management,providing theoretical support and practical reference for the scientific prevention and control of public health emergencies.
作者
叶飘
周卓晟
YE Piao;ZHOU Zhuo-sheng(The First People’s Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510180,China)
出处
《现代医院管理》
2025年第6期6-9,共4页
Modern Hospital Management
基金
广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(20241A010012)。
关键词
4R危机管理
突发公共卫生事件
医院应急管理
优化路径
4R crisis management
public health emergency
hospital emergency management
path optimization
