摘要
随着核技术应用产业的快速发展,人们对辐射防护的需求越来越大,对辐射防护材料的性能要求越来越苛刻,新型辐射防护材料的研发已成为重要的课题。核辐射防护效果的提高依赖于屏蔽材料性能的提升和结构的优化设计,选择材料时应首要考虑的是对中子和伽马(γ)射线的屏蔽。与传统的辐射屏蔽材料(包括铅、钨、混凝土和聚合物基复合材料)相比,玻璃材料的高透光率成为其应用于辐射屏蔽领域的关键优势。本文以中子/γ射线辐射屏蔽机理为切入点,总结介绍了近年来中子/γ射线复合屏蔽玻璃材料的研究进展。基体材料与多种屏蔽组分的高相容稳定性以及结构设计和制备工艺的创新是制备透光率高、中子/γ射线屏蔽率高、综合性能优异玻璃材料的关键科学问题。最后,展望了未来复合屏蔽玻璃材料的研究方向,指出多尺度结构设计与调控、高仿真与全尺度模拟计算、绿色制造与可持续发展和标准化与评价体系建设是未来重要的发展趋势。
With the rapid growth of the nuclear technology application industry,the demand for radiation protection is escalating,and the performance requirements for radiation protection materials are becoming increasingly rigorous.The research and development of novel radiation protection materials has emerged as a crucial subject.The enhancement of the nuclear radiation protection effect relies on the improvement of the performance of shielding materials and the optimization of the structural design.When selecting materials,the primary consideration should be the shielding of neutrons and gamma(γ)rays.In contrast to traditional radiation shielding materials(including lead,tungsten,concrete,and polymer-based composite materials),the high light transmittance of glass materials constitutes a key advantage for their application in the domain of radiation shielding.This article summarizes and presents the research progress of the composite shielding glass materials for neutrons and gamma rays in recent years taking the shielding mechanism of neutron and gamma ray radiation as the starting point.The high compatibility and stability of the matrix material and the multiple shielding components,as well as the innovation in structural design and fabrication processes,are the key scientific problems in the preparation of glass materials with high light transmittance,high neutron/gamma-ray shielding rate,and excellent comprehensive performance.Finally,the future research directions of the composite shielding glass materials are prospected.It is pointed out that multi-scale structure design and regulation,high-fidelity and full-scale simulation computing,green manufacturing and sustainable development,as well as standardization and evaluation system construction are important future development trends.
作者
张洋
张梅伦
杨胜赟
王可
韩玉
吕学良
李自金
周游
刘辉
贾金升
ZHANG Yang;ZHANG Meilun;YANG Shengyun;WANG Ke;HAN Yu;LV Xueliang;LI Zijin;ZHOU You;LIU Hui;JIA Jinsheng(China National Building Material Photonics Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277000;China Building Materials Academy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024)
出处
《中国建材科技》
2025年第S1期134-142,共9页
China Building Materials Science & Technology
基金
枣庄市科技创新工程(科技发展计划)项目(编号:2024GX17)。
关键词
中子
伽马射线
复合屏蔽
玻璃
neutron
gamma ray
composite shielding
glass
