摘要
亲属称谓系统是人类社会重要的组成部分之一,透过亲属称谓,可以窥见一个社会的历史、习俗、文化与思想。中国与意大利都有着悠久古老的文明与相似的家庭观念,但是在亲属称谓系统上却呈现出了较大的差异。该文根据学者默多克的分类系统和克罗伯为亲属分类拟定的八条规则,对汉语和意大利语的常用亲属称谓进行对比分析,可以发现:汉语亲属称谓数量多、分类细;意大利语亲属称谓数量少,核心亲属称谓细腻,旁系亲属称谓具有高度概括性,不区分父系母系、长幼顺序、血亲姻亲等特点。造成这些差异的主要原因有生活方式的不同、宗法礼教和思想运动的影响等。该文通过亲属词研究,分析不同文化间的特性,能够增进相互理解,进一步推动跨文化交流。
The kinship system constitutes a vital component of human societies.Through familial titles,one can discern a society's history,customs,culture,and ideology.Both China and Italy possess ancient civilizations and share similar family values,but their kinship systems exhibit significant differences.This paper compares common kinship terms in Chinese and Italian based on Murdock's classification system and Kroeber's eight principles.It reveals that Chinese kinship terms are numerous and finely categorized,while Italian kinship terms are fewer in number.Italian core kinship terms are nuanced,but collateral kinship terms are highly generalized,lacking distinctions between paternal and maternal lines,age order,and blood versus affinity relationships.Key factors contributing to these differences include distinct lifestyles,the influence of patriarchal ethics and social movements,and cultural traditions.Studying kinship terminology to analyze cross-cultural characteristics fosters mutual understanding and advances intercultural communication.
作者
李宛童
LI Wantong(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou Guangdong,510420,China)
出处
《文化创新比较研究》
2025年第35期24-29,共6页
Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation
关键词
亲属称谓
意大利语
汉语
文化差异
跨文化
对比研究
Kinship pronouns
Italian
Chinese
Cultural differences
Inter-cultural
Comparative analysis
