摘要
因较大的折流板间距和气液两相流的横向流动,再沸器管束在运行周期内经常出现换热管振动损伤、换热管与管板连接接头失效等问题,严重影响装置的运行。针对上述问题,根据旧设备改造的实际情况,采取增加全格栅支撑圈、月牙形支撑板及齿形限位板的方式,对管束结构进行优化,提高换热管固有频率,并对优化后的管束进行振动计算。结果表明,优化后的壳程出口处换热管一阶固有频率增加了8%,壳程横流流速均小于临界横流速度的80%;卡门漩涡振幅下降了26.1%,湍流抖振振幅下降了25.5%,均低于推荐的最大振幅,能够保证振动的安全性。在制造工艺方面,采用数控加工中心加工管孔,提高了管板、折流板管孔加工精度;换热管与管板的连接接头采用机器人焊接,熔深均匀、焊缝平整;换热管与管板的胀接采用液压强度胀,管头的拉脱应力比机械胀提高1.3倍,提高了管束的防振性能。研究结果可为再沸器管束长周期稳定运行提供依据。
Due to large baffle spacing and the transverse flow of gas-liquid two‑phase flow,reboiler tube bundles often experience vibration‑induced damage of heat exchange tubes and failure of tube‑to‑tubesheet joints during operation cycles,seriously affecting plant operation.To address these issues,based on the actual situation of old equipment retrofit,structural optimization of the tube bundle was carried out by adding full‑grid support rings,crescent‑shaped support plates,and serrated limit plates to increase the natural frequency of the heat exchange tubes.Vibration calculations were performed on the optimized tube bundle.The results show that the first‑order natural frequency of the heat exchange tubes at the shell‑side outlet increased by 8%after optimization,and the shell‑side cross‑flow velocity was less than 80%of the critical cross‑flow velocity.The Kármán vortex amplitude decreased by 26.1%,and the turbulent buffeting amplitude decreased by 25.5%,both below the recommended maximum amplitude,ensuring vibration safety.In terms of manufacturing process,CNC machining centers were used to process tube holes,improving the machining accuracy of tubesheet and baffle tube holes;robot welding was adopted for tube‑to‑tubesheet joints,achieving uniform penetration and smooth welds;hydraulic strength expansion was used for tube‑to‑tubesheet expansion,with the pull‑out stress of tube ends being 1.3 times higher than that of mechanical expansion,enhancing the anti‑vibration performance of the tube bundle.The research results provide a basis for long‑term stable operation of reboiler tube bundles.
作者
李晓明
高磊
张莹莹
国军
吕行
LI Xiaoming;GAO Lei;ZHANG Yingying;GUO Jun;LÜXing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun 113001,China;Fushun Chemical Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Fushun 113122,China)
出处
《压力容器》
北大核心
2025年第7期70-80,共11页
Pressure Vessel Technology
关键词
再沸器
管道振动
气液两相流
全格栅支撑圈
齿形限位板
液压强度胀
reboiler
pipe vibration
gas-liquid two‑phase flow
full‑grid support ring
serrated limit plate
hydraulic strength expansion
