摘要
目的考证秫米的植物基原,挖掘其药用价值,为秫米进一步开发利用提供理论基础。方法通过查阅古今文献,从秫米名称考证、基原考证、产地分布、性味归经以及功效主治等方面对秫米进行综合考证,并探讨秫米的价值。结果历代文献中秫米正名均为“秫米”,别名多为糯性的粟、粱米,植物基原为高粱的黏性种子,产地随经济中心迁移,逐渐发展至全国均有种植,其味甘性微寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,功效以止寒热、利大肠、疗漆疮和治不寐为主,且在处方中常发挥引药入经的作用。结论对秫米进行的本草考证可为国家制定该药用药标准提供文献基础,也可为进一步加强秫米的质量评价、药效物质基础及作用机制等基础研究工作提供重要参考,促进其临床应用和现代化开发。
Objective To verify the botanical origin of Shumi(glutinous mille),to explore its medicinal value,and to provide a theoretical basis for its further development and utilization.Methods By consulting both ancient and modern literature,a comprehensive textual research on Shumi was conducted from the perspectives of name verification,botanical origin,geographical distribution,property,flavor,meridian affinity,actions,and indications,so as to explore its value.Results In historical texts,the standard name for this medicinal substance remained“秫米(Shumi)”,with aliases often referring to glutinous varieties of millet(粟)or sorghum(粱米).Its botanical origin was documented as the glutinous seeds of sorghum.The geographical distribution of its cultivation expanded alongside shifts in economic centers,gradually spreading nationwide.In terms of medicinal properties,Shumi is characterized as sweet in flavor and slightly cold in nature,acting on the lung,stomach,and large intestine meridians.Its primary functions include arresting alternating chills and fever,promoting the function of the large intestine,treating lacquer dermatitis,and addressing insomnia.Furthermore,it often plays the role of guiding other herbs to enter the respective meridians within prescriptions.Conclusion The herbal textual research conducted on Shumi can provide a literature foundation for establishing national medication standards for this medicinal substance.It also offers important references for further strengthening fundamental research on quality evaluation,pharmacodynamic material basis,and mechanisms of action,thereby promoting its clinical application and modern development.
作者
郑淋淋
廖菁
杨漾
覃浩昌
陈聪
ZHENG Linlin;LIAO Jing;YANG Yang;QIN Haochang;CHEN Cong(Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 410208,China)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81704065)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22A0274,23C0172)
湖南省中医药科研计划项目(A2023030,B2023022)
湖南省卫生健康委员会科研计划项目(202202084742)
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ30455)
湖南省教育科学“十四五”规划专项课题“大思政”视域下中医药院校就业育人有效模式研究(XJK23BXJ022)
湖南中医药大学科研基金项目(2021XJJJ003)
湖南中医药大学研究生创新项目(2023CX172)
湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目(HNJG-2022-0136)。
关键词
秫米
中医学
中药材
本草考证
Shumi
Chinese medicine
raw Chinese medicines
herbal textual research
