摘要
中国对于高碳化石能源消费的依赖程度较高,提升核能发电的比例对于加快减碳进程、改变能源结构至关重要。随着我国核电进入快速发展通道,铀作为核工业发展的基石,对于天然铀的需求急剧增加。近年来,国内外学者对于提高低品位铀矿浸出的技术手段进行了深入研究及探讨。系统梳理了铀强化浸出技术的最新研究进展,归纳为物理强化与化学强化两类方式,分别介绍了加温加压浸出、微波辅助浸出及氧化浸出技术的现状,重点阐述了化学强化浸出的基本原理及亚硝酸盐促进铀浸出的作用机制,详细分析外部条件对亚硝酸盐作用的影响规律,为改良铀浸出的技术路线及解决常规技术无法有效浸出铀的难题提供方法借鉴。
China’s dependence on high-carbon fossil energy consumption is high,and increasing the proportion of nuclear power generation is crucial to accelerating the process of carbon reduction and changing the energy.Uranium is the cornerstone of the nuclear industry,and as China’s nuclear power generation enters a rapid development path,the demand for natural uranium increases dramatically.In recent years,scholars at domestic and abroad have conducted in-depth research and discussion on the technical means to improve the leaching of low-grade uranium ore.The latest research progress of uranium leaching technology is systematically sorted out,which is summarized into two categories of physical and chemical leaching,and the current status of temperature and pressure leaching,microwave-assisted leaching and oxidative leaching technology are introduced respectively,focusing on the basic principle of chemically strengthened leaching and the mechanism of nitrite to promote the leaching of uranium,and the detailed analysis of the influence of the external conditions on the role of nitrite,which can provide methodological references to improve the technical route of uranium leaching and solve the problems that conventional technology cannot effectively leach uranium.The detailed analysis of the influence of external conditions on the role of nitrite can provide a reference for improving the technical route of uranium leaching and solving the problem that conventional technology cannot effectively leach uranium.
作者
李思佳
马跃
龚露
马桂丽
徐东菱
王金可
王浩伦
郭丰志
岳长涛
LI Sijia;MA Yue;GONG Lu;MA Guili;XU Dongling;WANG Jinke;WANG Haolun;GUO Fengzhi;YUE Changtao(School of Science,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102206,China;National Elite Institute of Engineering,CNPC,Beijing 100096,China)
出处
《应用化工》
北大核心
2025年第11期2917-2921,2928,共6页
Applied Chemical Industry
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1906305)。
关键词
砂岩型铀矿
地浸
强化浸出
sandstone-type uranium ore
in-suit leaching
enhanced leaching
