摘要
以吉林省蛟河市烟区的主栽晒红烟品种漂河二号为试验材料,对比分析了除草剂缓解剂、植物生长调节剂、水溶性肥料、微生物菌剂对除草剂药害的缓解效果,探究其对烟株生长、土壤养分及酶活力的影响。结果表明:胺鲜酯和奈安对除草剂药害的缓解效果显著,其中奈安(T_(4))处理的药害指数低至3.70,缓解效应达57.09%,且在株高、叶面积及根系发育指标等方面均表现较优,产量和产值较清水对照组分别提升了65.27%、70.09%;哈茨木霉菌和枯草芽孢杆菌(T_(5)、T_(6))处理可显著提高土壤速效养分含量及土壤酶活力,但对除草剂药害的缓解效果有限。综上,胺鲜酯和奈安可作为烟田除草剂药害的首选缓解剂,通过蘸根或叶面喷施能有效促进烟株生长并提升烟叶产量;而枯草芽孢杆菌与哈茨木霉菌更适用于改良土壤肥力,建议采用蘸根结合灌根的方式施用。
Using‘Piaohe Erhao’(a major sun-cured red tobacco variety)from Jiaohe City,Jilin Province as test material,a comparative experiment was conducted to evaluate the mitigating effect of herbicide antidotes,plant growth regulators,water-soluble fertilizers and microbial inoculants on herbicide damage,and their effect on the growth of tobacco plants,soil nutrients and enzyme activities were explored.The results showed that Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and Nai’an exhibited significant mitigation effects.The Nai’an treatment(T_(4))resulted in the lowest herbicide injury index(3.70)and the highest alleviation effect(57.09%).This treatment also showed optimal performance in plant height,leaf area and root development.Furthermore,it increased yield by 65.27%and output value by 70.09%compared to the control.Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum inoculants(T_(5) and T_(6))significantly increased soil available nutrient content and soil enzyme activities.However,their efficacy in mitigating herbicide injury was limited.In conclusion,Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and Nai’an are recommended as primary mitigating agents for herbicide phytotoxicity in tobacco fields.Application via root dipping or foliar spraying effectively can promote plant growth and enhance yield.Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum are more suitable for improving soil fertility and are recommended for application via root dipping combined with root irrigation.
作者
刘涛
李玺鹏
徐世晓
付全善
刘友杰
李俊霖
潘恒德
韦学平
王静
黄海霞
LIU Tao;LI Xi-peng;XU Shi-xiao;FU Quan-shan;LIU You-jie;LI Jun-lin;PAN Heng-de;WEI Xue-ping;WANG Jing;HUANG Hai-xia(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Jilin Jiaohe Tobacco Industry Company of Limited Liability,Jiaohe 132500,China;Technology R&D Center,Jilin Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130031,China;Baise Branch of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Tobacco Company,Baise 533300,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
2025年第12期85-91,98,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
吉林省蛟河市烟叶有限公司科技项目(2021001)
吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2024-08)
广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司项目(202245100020409)。
关键词
烟田
除草剂药害
缓解效应
土壤速效养分
土壤酶活力
Tobacco field
Herbicide Injury
Alleviating effect
Soil available nutrient
Soil enzyme activity
