摘要
为探究不同栽培措施对高海拔烟区云烟不同叶位叶片生长及品质的影响,设置了施氮量(90、105、120 kg/hm^(2))、种植密度(12810、13980、15375株/hm^(2))、留叶数(18、20、22片)3因素3水平的正交试验,分析不同栽培措施对烟株农艺性状、叶面积动态变化、叶面积系数及烤后烟叶感官质量的影响。结果表明:施氮量与株高、茎围、最大叶长呈显著正相关;增加施氮量可提高下部叶面积扩展速率,使最大叶面积叶位下移,同时提高烟气劲头,而香气、细腻度则呈先升后降的变化趋势;种植密度与叶宽呈负相关,是影响叶面积系数的主效因子;随着种植密度升高,最大叶宽减小,中下部叶面积降低而上部叶面积增加,最大叶面积叶位上移,且种植密度与感官总分呈负相关;留叶数仅对叶面积系数存在显著影响,感官总分随留叶数增加呈先升后降的变化趋势。因此,提高施氮量可显著促进烤烟生长,提升下部叶扩展速率,但过量施氮会降低香气品质;提高种植密度会导致叶宽缩减、感官总分下降,抑制中下部叶发育但促进上部叶生长。综合来看,盐源县云烟87的适宜栽培条件为施氮量120 kg/hm^(2)、种植密度12810株/hm^(2)、留叶数20片。
To investigate the effects of different cultivation measures on growth and quality of leaves at various positions on Yunyan tobacco plants in high-altitude tobacco-growing areas.A three-factor,three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted including nitrogen application rates(90,105 and 120 kg/hm^(2)),planting densities(12810,13980 and 15375 plants/hm^(2)),and leaves retained per plant(18,20,and 22).The impacts of different cultivation measures on agronomic traits,dynamic leaf area development,leaf area index(LAI)and sensory quality of cured leaves were analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen application rate had significant positive correlations with plant height,stem girth and maximum leaf length.The increase of nitrogen application accelerated lower leaf area expansion rate and shifted the position of maximum leaf area downward,enhanced smoke intensity but caused aromatic quality and smoothness to initially increase then decrease.Planting density exhibited a negative correlation with leaf width and was the dominant factor influencing LAI.Higher planting densities reduced maximum leaf width,decreased leaf area in middle-lower positions while increased upper-position leaf area,shifted the position of maximum leaf area upward,and was correlated negatively with total sensory scores.Leaves retained per plant significantly affected only LAI.Total sensory scores first increased then decreased as this parameter rose.In conclusion,nitrogen application significantly promoted flue-cured tobacco growth and accelerated lower leaf expansion.However,excessive nitrogen diminished aromatic quality.The increase of planting density reduced leaf width and total sensory scores,inhibited middle-lower leaf development while promoted upper leaf growth.Comprehensive assessment indicated that the optimal cultivation parameters for Yunyan 87 in Yanyuan County are 120 kg/hm^(2) nitrogen application,12810 plants/hm^(2) planting density,and 20 leaves retained per plant.
作者
李峥
邓家强
苏政宇
高峻
张嫚嫚
张松涛
叶协锋
李树泓
赵国瑞
凌爱芬
LI Zheng;DENG Jia-qiang;SU Zheng-yu;GAO Jun;ZHANG Man-man;ZHANG Song-tao;YE Xie-feng;LI Shu-hong;ZHAO Guo-rui;LING Ai-fen(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,China;China National Tobacco Corporation Chongqing Company Fengdu County Branch,Chongqing 408200,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
2025年第12期39-48,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
四川省烟草公司凉山州公司项目“凉山‘清甜香’理想株型培育标准及配套技术研究与应用”(SCYC202310)。
关键词
栽培措施
施氮量
种植密度
留叶数
生长动态变化
高海拔烟区
Cultivation measure
Nitrogen application rate
Planting density
Number of leaves remained
Dynamic growth change
High-altitude tobacco-growing area
