摘要
为探究生物炭与功能微生物菌剂(巨大芽孢杆菌)对城市园林土壤肥力和三角梅生长的影响,以广州市典型城市道路绿植三角梅为研究对象,采用盆栽试验,设置了5个处理,T_(1):0.0235 g/kg鱼蛋白肥,T_(2):添加1%樟树生物炭,T_(3):0.5 g/kg微生物菌剂,T_(4):1%樟树生物炭+0.5 g/kg微生物菌剂,T_(5):1%樟树生物炭+0.5 g/kg微生物菌剂+0.0235 g/kg鱼蛋白肥,并以不作任何处理为空白对照(CK)。结果表明:在三角梅的生长方面,各处理均可以促进三角梅的开花期提前,显著增加了其开花数、在培养第90天时的株高和地径分别比CK显著增加了48.40%和23.24%,以及显著增加了三角梅根系的全氮、全磷含量,改良了根系形态。在土壤理化性质方面,与CK相比,各处理均能有效提升土壤质量,其中,T_(4)处理土壤酸碱度、电导率、有机质、溶解性有机碳、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾的含量分别比CK显著增加了24.9%、316.0%、663.7%、371.2%、123.2%、67.6%、89.8%、246.2%,提升效果最突出。T_(5)处理对土壤脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性分别显著提升了355.6%和93.5%,T_(4)处理则对土壤淀粉酶和中性蛋白酶活性分别显著提升了92.4%和94.0%。高通量测序结果显示:Chao1和Shannon指数的提升说明鱼蛋白肥、生物炭和功能微生物菌剂均使土壤细菌群落结构变得更加丰富和均衡,以T_(4)处理的OTUs占比最大。综上,生物炭与功能微生物菌剂配施对园林土壤改良的效果最优,在此基础上增施0.0235 g/kg鱼蛋白肥可以促进三角梅的生长并显著增加其开花数。
To explore the effects of biochar and functional microbial agents(Bacillus megaterium)on the fertility of urban garden soil and the growth of Bougainvillea,this study took Bougainvillea,a typical urban road green plant in Guangzhou,as the research object and conducted a pot experiment.Five treatments were set up:T_(1)(adding 0.0235 g/kg fish protein fertilizer),T_(2)(adding 1%camphor tree biochar),T_(3)(adding 0.5 g/kg functional microbial agent),T_(4)(adding 1%camphor tree biochar+0.5 g/kg functional microbial agent,and T_(5)(adding 1%camphor tree biochar+0.5 g/kg functional microbial agent)+0.0235 g/kg fish protein fertilizer),with no treatment as the blank control(CK).The results showed that in terms of Bougainvillea growth,all treatments could advance the flowering period of Bougainvillea,significantly increase the number of flowers,increase the height and ground diameter of Bougainvillea by 48.40%and 23.24%respectively compared to the control group at the 90th day of cultivation,significantly increase the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the Bougainvillea root system,and improve the root morphology.In terms of the physical and chemical properties of soil,compared with CK,all treatments could effectively improve soil quality.Among them,the T_(4) treatment significantly increased the soil pH value,electrical conductivity,organic matter,dissolved organic carbon,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium content by 24.9%,316.0%,663.7%,371.2%,123.2%,67.6%,89.8%and 246.2%respectively,with the most significant improvement effect.The T_(5) treatment significantly increased the soil urease and neutral phosphatase activity by 355.6%and 93.5%respectively,while the T_(4) treatment significantly increased the soil amylase and neutral protease activity by 92.4%and 94.0%respectively.High-throughput sequencing results showed that the Chao1 and Shannon index increased,indicating that fish protein fertilizer,biochar and functional microbial agents all made the soil bacterial community structure more diverse and balanced,with the T_(4) treatment group having the largest proportion of OTUs.In conclusion,the combined application of biochar and functional microbial agents has the best effect on the improvement of garden soil,and the addition of fish protein fertilizer(0.0235 g/kg)on this basis can promote the growth of Bougainvillea and significantly increase the number of flowers.
作者
梁永鑫
黄英梅
梁春梅
吴家龙
许昌超
张俊涛
刘可星
LIANG Yong-xin;HUANG Ying-mei;LIANG Chun-mei;WU Jia-long;XU Chang-chao;ZHANG Jun-tao;LIU Ke-xing(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642,China;Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture/Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Science-tech of Ecology and Landscape,Guangzhou 510405,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
2025年第12期1-13,共13页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
广州市林业和园林局部门预算项目(穗财编[2025]2号)
广州市科技计划项目“广州市生态园林科技协同创新中心”(202206010058)
广州市科技局社会发展项目“珍贵树种良种选育与应用示范共同攻关研究服务项目”(202206010058)。
关键词
园林土壤
鱼蛋白肥
生物炭
微生物菌剂
三角梅
植物生长
Garden soil
Fish protein fertilizer
Biochar
Microbial agent
Bougainvillea
Plant growth
