摘要
为了探讨营造人工沙棘林对内蒙古自治区砒砂岩区土壤生态环境的影响,以树龄4年和9年的人工沙棘林为研究对象,没有种植人工沙棘林的样本作为对照,利用高通量测序技术对土壤的细菌群落特征进行分析,并通过相关性分析探究土壤理化性质、酶活性与细菌群落多样性之间的关系。结果表明:(1)随着种植年限的增长,沙棘林根际土壤中全钾(TK)、有效磷(OP)和pH含量均有所增加,pH含量变化显著(P<0.05);非根际土壤中的pH、全磷(TP)、OP、有机质(OM)含量也都呈现增长趋势,pH和OM含量变化显著(P<0.05)。与对照相比,4年生和9年生沙棘林土壤中的全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、OP、速效钾(AK)、OM含量均差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)随着种植年限的增长,根际土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性均有所增加,脲酶和蔗糖酶增长显著(P<0.05);非根际土壤中的蔗糖酶和脱氢酶活性随着种植年限的增长也有所增加,脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性随着种植年限的增加而降低,其中脲酶和蔗糖酶变化显著(P<0.05)。与对照相比,根际土壤中的蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性提升效果显著;非根际土壤中的脲酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)所有处理中土壤细菌群落的主要优势菌门包括放线菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门。随着种植年限的增加,根际土壤中的放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度增加,变形菌门的相对丰度减少;非根际土壤中的放线菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度降低,绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门相对丰度增加。与对照相比,种植人工沙棘林的土壤样本中的群落结构及优势菌门、属的相对丰度均发生了明显变化。(4)冗余分析表明,pH是影响土壤细菌群落分布的主要因素,对土壤细菌多样性影响为正。综上所述,营造人工沙棘林有利于改善内蒙古自治区砒砂岩区土壤肥力,影响砒砂岩区土壤细菌群落组成和结构,为砒砂岩区种植沙棘林在微生态环境调控方面的生态修复技术提供有效补充。
To explore the impact of creating artificial seabuckthorn forests on the soil ecological environment in the arsenic sandstone area of Inner Mongolia,artificial seabuckthorn forests with tree ages of 4 and 9 years were used as research objects,and samples without artificial seabuckthorn forests were used as controls.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the characteristics of soil bacterial communities,and correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationships among soil physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and bacterial community diversity.The results showed as follows:(1)With the increase in planting years,the contents of total potassium(TK),available phosphorus(OP),and pH in the rhizosphere soil of Hippophae rhamnoides forests were all increased,with significant changes in pH(P<0.05).In non-rhizosphere soil,the pH,total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(OP),and organic matter(OM)also showed an increasing trend,with significant changes in pH and OM contents(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the contents of total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),OP,available potassium(AK),and OM in the soil of 4-year-old and 9-year-old Hippophae rhamnoides forests showed significant differences(P<0.05).(2)With the increase in planting years,the activities of three enzymes(urease,invertase and catalase)in rhizosphere soil were all increased,with significant growth in urease and invertase(P<0.05).In non-rhizosphere soil,the activities of invertase and dehydrogenase increased with planting years,while the activities of urease and catalase decreased with planting years,among which the changes in urease and invertase were significant(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the activities of invertase,catalase,and dehydrogenase in rhizosphere soil were significantly enhanced;the activity of urease in non-rhizosphere soil was significantly reduced(P<0.05).(3)The main dominant phyla of soil bacterial communities in the five treatments included Actinobacteriota,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Acidobacteriota.With the increase in planting years,the relative abundances of Actinobacteriota,Acidobacteriota,and Chloroflexi in rhizosphere soil were increased,while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was decreased.In non-rhizosphere soil,the relative abundances of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were decreased,while the relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Acidobacteriota were increased.Compared with the control group,significant changes occurred in the community structure and the relative abundances of dominant phyla and genera in the soil samples with artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests.(4)Redundancy analysis showed that pH was the main factor affecting the distribution of soil bacterial communities and had a positive impact on soil bacterial diversity.In conclusion,establishing artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests was conducive to improving soil fertility in the arsenic sandstone area of Inner Mongolia and affecting the composition and structure of soil bacterial communities in this area.This study provided an effective supplement for scientifically evaluating the ecological restoration technology of planting Hippophae rhamnoides forests in the arsenic sandstone area for micro-ecological environment regulation.
作者
乔紫薇
贾晨波
孙美美
田丽
张雪雅
高泽文
QIAO Zi-wei;JIA Chen-bo;SUN Mei-mei;TIAN Li;ZHANG Xue-ya;GAO Ze-wen(College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin Shaanxi 719000;Institute of medical research,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710129)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
北大核心
2025年第11期16-29,共14页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBNY-250)
榆林学院博士科研启动基金(20GK19)
榆林学院研究生创新基金项目(2023YLYCX20)。
关键词
沙棘
土壤细菌
群落结构
土壤理化性质
土壤酶活性
Hippophile rhomboids L.
soil bacteria
community structure
soil physicochemical properties
soil enzyme activity
