摘要
岩藻黄素是类胡萝卜素中的一种黄褐色叶黄素,是藻类重要的捕光色素,主要存在于多种海洋微藻及大型褐藻中。岩藻黄素因化学结构独特而具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、减轻肥胖、保护皮肤等多种活性功能,是天然的治疗剂,在食品、化妆品、医药行业具有广阔的应用前景。然而,岩藻黄素产率较低,市场供不应求,尤其是价格昂贵限制了其推广应用。海洋微藻中的三角褐指藻作为硅藻中的模式生物,具有生长速度快,积累岩藻黄素、EPA等高价值成分能力强的特点,且其基因组研究数据相对全面,遗传转化研究工具成熟,具备成为岩藻黄素细胞生产工厂的潜质。本文根据近年三角褐指藻和岩藻黄素的研究情况,综述三角褐指藻中岩藻黄素的生物合成途径,总结利用基因工程技术以及基于优化培养条件提升三角褐指藻中岩藻黄素产量的相关研究,以期为促进岩藻黄素的上游开发提供理论借鉴。此外,概述岩藻黄素的抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、抑制肥胖等功能特性的研究进展,旨在为其在食品、药品等领域的应用提供理论借鉴。
Fucoxanthin,a type of xanthophyll within carotenoids,ranges in color from pale yellow to brown.It serves as an essential light-harvesting pigment for algae and exist mainly in marine microalgae and brown algae.With distinctive chemical structure,it possesses multiple biological activities,including antioxidation,anti-inflammation,anti-cancer,anti-obesity,and skin protection,which lead it a broad application prospects in the food,cosmetic,and pharmaceutical industries.Nevertheless,the low yield and the high price have become bottleneck restricting its widespread application.Phaeodactylum tricornutum was a model organism in diatom,which could be a good fucoxanthin producing candidates based on its outstanding properties such as rapid growth,high ability to accumulate high-value components like fucoxanthin and EPA,relatively clear genomic background,and read-made genetic transformation toolkits.In this study,the recent progress in the biosynthetic pathway of fucoxanthin in P.tricornutum was summarized,while studies focusing on enhancing the yield of fucoxanthin in P.tricornutum through genetic engineering techniques and optimization of cultivation conditions were reviewed,with the expectation of providing more references for promoting upstream process of fucoxanthin.Meanwhile,the researches related to the mechanistic of fucoxanthin's biological activities were summarized,in order to offer more supporting data for its food and pharmaceutical application.
作者
于芯宜
吴佳佳
卢延斌
戴志远
YU Xinyi;WU Jiajia;LU Yanbin;DAI Zhiyuan(Institute of Seafood,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310012)
出处
《中国食品学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期429-441,共13页
Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2100200)。
关键词
岩藻黄素
生物合成
培养条件
生物活性
fucoxanthin
biosynthesis
cultivation conditions
biological activities
