摘要
为解决掘进巷道粉尘污染严重问题,基于湿式降尘的理念,研究提出了掘进巷道超微细水雾降尘技术方案。采用分区协同治理方式,将风流控尘区与水雾降尘区相结合进行研究。其中,风流控尘区通过优化通风参数,可有效抑制粉尘扩散;水雾降尘区则利用雾化装置,生成微米级别的超微细水雾,能显著提升对粉尘的捕捉效率。研究构建了掘进巷道超微细水雾降尘技术数值模型。结果显示,当压抽比值为1.2时,风流场兼具前端粉尘高效捕集与后端流场稳定的双重优势,粉尘粒子向抽风筒定向迁移,可实现粉尘治理效能最大化。研究基于最佳风量参数在棋盘井煤矿进行现场试验,并通过相对湿度指标确定最佳供水压力为0.4 MPa,进而在I030903掘进巷道进行了现场应用。结果显示:呼吸性粉尘降尘效率最高达到92.2%,全尘最高降尘效率达到91.7%,可有效控制掘进巷道粉尘污染问题。
To tackle the significant dust pollution issue in excavation roadways,an innovative ultrafine water mist dust suppression technology is proposed,based on the concept of wet dust reduction.This approach employs a zoned collaborative control method that integrates an airflow-controlled dust zone with a water mist-based dust suppression zone.In the airflow-controlled dust zone,optimized ventilation parameters effectively inhibit dust dispersion.Meanwhile,in the water mist-based dust suppression zone,atomization devices generate micron-level ultrafine mist,significantly enhancing dust capture efficiency.A numerical model for comprehensive dust control using ultrafine mist in excavation roadways was developed.Simulations were conducted to investigate airflow migration patterns and the transport behavior of dust particles under varying pressure-to-exhaust(P/E)ratios.The results indicate that wind speed exhibits an exponential decay as the distance from the excavation face increases.When the pressure pumping ratio is set to 1.2,the airflow field benefits from both efficient dust capture at the front end and a stable flow field at the back end,causing dust particles to migrate toward the centerline of the roadway.This configuration maximizes dust management efficiency.Based on the simulation results,the optimal airflow parameters were tested in the field at Qipanjing Coal Mine,where the optimal equipment operating pressure was evaluated by adjusting the water supply pressure of the equipment.The test results indicate that if the equipment's water supply pressure is too high,it leads to incomplete atomization of the device,resulting in increased air humidity at the front of the roadway,which can hinder workers'performance.Conversely,if the water supply pressure is too low,there is insufficient kinetic energy for the water mist particles,leading to low dust reduction efficiency within the roadway.Through analysis based on the air humidity index,the optimal water supply pressure was determined to be 0.4 MPa.Under these conditions,the highest dust reduction efficiency reached 92.2%,while the overall dust reduction efficiency for all types of dust was 91.7%,effectively addressing the dust pollution issue.
作者
马纪闯
荆德吉
李亚斌
宋嘉慧
阚琦笙
MA Jichuang;JING Deji;LI Yabin;SONG Jiahui;KAN Qisheng(College of Safety Science and Technology,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education(Liaoning Technical University),Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期4677-4684,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52474229)。
关键词
安全卫生工程技术
掘进巷道
超微细雾降尘技术
降尘效率
工程试验
safety and hygiene engineering technology
roadway excavation
ultra-fine mist dust reduction technology
dust reduction efficiency
engineering test
