摘要
肠球菌不仅在农业、食品和医药中应用广泛,而且是人类肠道的共生菌,同时也是机会致病菌,可引发多种感染。肠球菌中以粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌最为常见,且一些菌株具有较强的致病性。随着抗生素的广泛应用,细菌耐药性问题日趋严重,肠球菌也发展出耐药性甚至多重耐药性,其耐药性主要通过质粒传播、基因水平转移和自然选择等机制在菌群间扩散,且在医疗环境中的传播尤为迅速,因此肠球菌已成为引起医院内感染的重要致病菌之一。耐药肠球菌的传播特征解析和检测技术研发成为当今细菌耐药性领域的研究热点。本文综述了耐药肠球菌的流行现状及其在环境中的分布特征,介绍了耐药肠球菌检测技术的前沿进展,包括基于表型的耐药性检测技术、基于基因型的检测技术、质谱检测技术以及机器学习在肠球菌耐药性检测上的应用,并对肠球菌耐药性检测的发展方向进行了展望。
Enterococci are not only widely used in agriculture,food and medicine,but also are commensal bacteria in the human gut.In some cases,enterococci can be a kind of the opportunistic pathogens to humans,which can cause a variety of infections.Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common enterococci,and some strains have strong pathogenicity.With the wide application of antibiotics,the problem of bacterial resistance is becoming more and more serious.Enterococci have developed drug resistance and even multidrug resistance.The resistance is mainly spread among Enterococci through plasmid transmission,horizontal gene transfer,and natural selection,and the spread is particularly rapid in a medical environment.Therefore,Enterococci has become one of the important pathogenic bacteria causing hospital acquired infections.The transmission and detection of drug-resistant enterococci has become a research hotspot of bacterial resistance.This review presented the prevalence and distribution of drug-resistant enterococci in the the environment,and introduced the cutting-edge advances in the detection technology of drug-resistant enterococci,including phenotype-based,genotype-based,mass spectrometry-based,and machine learning-based drug resistance detection technologies.Finally,the development direction of the detection of drug resistance of enterococci is projected.
作者
陈文彬
敬怡雯
彭子欣
Chen Wenbin;Jing Yiwen;Peng Zixin(School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515;School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261053;NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment,Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit(2019RU014),China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021)
出处
《中国抗生素杂志》
北大核心
2025年第11期1269-1280,共12页
Chinese Journal of Antibiotics
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.32172314)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(No.22193064)。
关键词
肠球菌
耐药性
流行规律
检测技术
机器学习
同一健康
Enterococcus
Drug resistance
Epidemic pattern
Detection technology
Machine learning
One health
