摘要
脓毒症是一种因宿主对感染反应失调而引发的危及生命的器官功能障碍,是重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)患者的主要死亡原因之一。我国脓毒症的发病率和病死率较高,儿童和老年人更为易感。脓毒症病因复杂,病原体以革兰阴性菌和耐药菌为主,传统血培养作为诊断的"金标准"存在局限性,而二代测序技术以其快速和高灵敏度的特点,在病原体检测和治疗优化方面具有潜在价值。为有效降低脓毒症的疾病负担,未来需进一步研究脓毒症的免疫机制与诊疗策略,通过精准分型和个性化治疗降低病死率,并同时加强医疗资源配置与ICU覆盖率。本文系统阐述了脓毒症的流行病学特征,以及病原体诊断技术和分型治疗的进展,旨在为精准诊治脓毒症提供参考。
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host responses to infection and remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care unit(ICU).In China,the incidence and mortality rate of sepsis are relatively high,with children and the elderly being more susceptible.The pathogenesis of sepsis is complex,primarily involving gram-negative bacteria and multidrug-resistant strains.Traditional blood culture,regarded as the"gold standard"for diagnosis,has limitations in terms of sensitivity and time consumption,whereas next-generation sequencing technology,characterized by its rapidity and high sensitivity,shows potential value in pathogen detection and treatment optimization.To effectively reduce the disease burden of sepsis in China,future research should focus on elucidating the immunological mechanisms of sepsis and developing precise strategies for classification and personalized treatment.Additionally,enhancing healthcare resource allocation and ICU accessibility are also crucial.This article summarizes the epidemiological characteristics of sepsis and systematically reviews the advances in pathogen diagnostic techniques and stratified treatment for sepsis,aiming to provide a reference for the precision diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.
作者
杨岚
王中浩
Yang Lan;Wang Zhonghao(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center,Sichuan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 6l0041,China;Department of Laboratory Medicine,West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University,Xiamen 361022,China)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第11期979-984,共6页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(82102485)
四川省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2024NSFSC1549)。
关键词
脓毒症
免疫抑制
二代测序技术
血流感染
免疫耐受
Sepsis
Immune suppression
Next-generation sequencing
Bloodstream infection
Immune tolerance
