摘要
目的分析2011—2021监测年度我国不同型别/亚型流感的年龄分布特征,并估计其在各年龄组人群中导致的超额就诊负担,为优化流感防控政策和疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法基于中国流感监测信息系统的流感样病例(ILI)和病原学监测数据,对2011—2021监测年度我国不同型别/亚型流感的年龄分布进行了描述分析,并通过构建广义相加模型(GAM)估计了其在各年龄组人群的流感相关ILI超额门急诊就诊率。结果2011—2021监测年度,5~14岁年龄组的流感病毒阳性率最高(18.43%),不同年龄组之间流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=57580.93,P<0.001)。0~14岁儿童群体的流感相关ILI超额门急诊就诊负担最重,不同型别/亚型流感病毒在各年龄组人群中的超额就诊负担存在差异:A(H1N1)pdm09和A(H3N2)亚型流感病毒在0~4岁婴幼儿中导致的流感相关ILI超额门急诊就诊率较高,分别为6.57(95%CI:5.37~7.72)/1000人年和6.63(95%CI:5.92~7.38)/1000人年;而B型流感病毒在5~14岁儿童中引起的流感相关ILI超额门急诊就诊率较高,平均为6.50(95%CI:5.77~7.25)/1000人年。结论不同型别/亚型流感病毒在各年龄组人群中导致的超额就诊负担不同,尤其是0~14岁儿童群体受到的影响最为严重。未来流感防控工作应重点关注儿童群体,推动流感疫苗在儿童等高风险人群中的接种,降低感染风险。
To provide scientific evidence for optimizing influenza prevention and control policies,as well as vaccine strategies,this study analyzed the age distribution of various influenza types/subtypes from the 2011-2021 surveillance years,by using data on influenza-like illness(ILI)and virological confirmation from China’s national sentinel surveillance system.The influenza-associated excess ILI outpatient burden was estimated across age groups with the generalized additive model(GAM).In the 2011-2021 surveillance years,the highest positivity rate of influenza virus was observed in the 5-14 year age group(18.43%),and a statistically significant variation in influenza virus positivity rates was observed across age-specific cohorts(χ^(2)=57580.93,P<0.001).Children 0-4 years and 5-14 years of age had higher rates of influenza-associated ILI consultations,but the influenza-associated outpatient burden varied by influenza type/subtype across age groups.A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2)caused higher excess consultation rates in children 0-4 years of age,with rates of 6.57(95%CI:5.37-7.72)and 6.63(95%CI:5.92-7.38)per 1000 person-years(py),respectively.In contrast,influenza B resulted in a higher rate of influenza-associated ILI consultations in the 5-14 year age group[6.50(95%CI:5.77-7.25)per 1000 py].In conclusion,the excess consultation burden of various influenza virus types/subtypes varied by age group,and the 0-14 year age group was most affected.Future influenza prevention and control efforts should focus on the pediatric population,by promoting the vaccination of high-risk groups such as children to decrease infection risk.
作者
申雨欣
苏日娜
喻晓颖
王清漪
秦颖
郑建东
赵宏婷
杨孝坤
张彦平
彭质斌
SHEN Yuxin;SU Rina;YU Xiaoying;WANG Qingyi;QIN Ying;ZHENG Jiandong;ZHAO Hongting;YANG Xiaokun;ZHANG Yanping;PENG Zhibin(Division of Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国人兽共患病学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期1149-1158,共10页
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses
基金
公共卫生应急反应机制运行项目(No.102393220020010000017)
中美疾控中心合作项目(No.NU2HJG000003-01)。
关键词
流感
疾病负担
流感样病例
监测
年龄分布
广义相加模型
influenza
disease burden
influenza-like illness
surveillance
age distribution
generalized additive model
