摘要
大麦是一种重要的饲料和工业原料作物。江浙沪是我国大麦的主要产区。随着畜牧业和啤酒工业的发展,对大麦品种的不同要求已日益突出,这就要求我们对大麦的种质资源有较深入的了解,以便于合理的利用。本研究的目的是,估计各类大麦(二棱裸和皮、多棱裸和皮)主要数量性状的基本遗传参数,探讨不同育种目标的性状相关,为大麦的选择育种和杂交育种提供一定的依据。
From 1982-1983 and 1983-1984,595 barley varieties,in which 300 varieties came from the Jiang-Zhe-Hu area(including Jiangsu and Zhe jiang Provinces and Shanghai district)and others mainly from foreign countries,were investigated to explore the genetic potential of quantitative characters.These varieties are grouped under four types,i.e.two row naked and hulled,four and six row naked and hulled barleys.The results obtained are as follows.1.In all barley types,the varieties are widely divergent.,The genetic coefficients of variation are more than 15 on the average for the characters of heads per plant,number of grains per head and grain yield.Thus,there is a great potential for selection and some high-yield genotypes may be directly sorted out for utilization.2.The common characteristics of varieties planted in the Jiang-Zhe-Hu area are early-heading,bigh-culm and more grains per head,but they are not as good as the exotic varieties in the characters of heads per plant,grain weight,harvest index and grain yield,etc..Therefore,it is preferable to combine the early-heading and adaptahility in Jiang-Zhe-Hu varieties with the short-culm and high-productivity in exotic varieties by cross-breeding.3.According to the results of path analysis,the principal character for the highyield genotypes in all barley types is more heads per plant,followed by.more grains per head and higher weight of grains.In some types,other characters are also effective,hut less in importance.4.The protein contents in grain vary with the varieties and have a range of 8.4-15.7%in our materials.However,no significantly partial correlation between protein content and yield has been found in most cases.It suggusts it is possible to develop the excellent variety with both high yield and protein content in barley breeding practice.
作者
莫惠栋
黄祖六
Mo Huidong;Huang Zuliu(Laboratory of Quantitative Genetics,Jiangsu Agricultural College,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1986年第1期60-67,共8页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
