摘要
[目的]阐明淀粉粒形态与种子活力指标的关联性,解析水稻种子在老化过程中胚乳淀粉结构的动态变化及其对种子活力的影响。[方法]使用7个品种的水稻种子,在相对湿度95%、温度45℃的条件下,分别进行8、10和12 d的水稻种子老化处理,分别测定不同老化处理的种子发芽率、发芽势及ASTEC值,同时取相应的样品在15 KV的加速电压下观察,拍照并测量淀粉粒间隙及粒径大小,分析不同老化条件下淀粉结构变化与种子活力的关系。[结果]在高温高湿条件下,种子淀粉结构在8~12 d发生不可逆的劣化,同时伴随发芽势、发芽率下降。高直链淀粉品种(直链淀粉含量>17%)淀粉粒破碎加剧,淀粉颗粒粒径、间隙呈缩减趋势,但广8优1973的淀粉粒粒径随老化时间逐渐增大。低直链淀粉品种(直链淀粉含量<14%)则呈现淀粉粒黏连变形,Q2数据表明,所有参试品种的SMR值呈整体下降趋势,IMT值呈增长趋势,其中广8优1973增幅最大达59.18%。SMR呈下降趋势,其中滇屯502下降幅度最大达52.69%。[结论]淀粉结构劣化是种子活力衰退的重要诱因,高直链淀粉品种因淀粉粒破碎导致溶胀和代谢抑制,低直链品种可能因淀粉变形黏连阻碍物质交换。“淀粉结构原位显微观测结合种子呼吸代谢”的种子活力研究方法,可为揭示水稻老化过程的生理与结构协同变化规律提供理论依据和技术支撑。
[Objective]The paper aimed to elucidate the correlation between starch granule morphology and seed vigor indicators,and analyze the dynamic changes in endosperm starch structure during the aging process of rice seed and their impact on seed viability.[Method]Seven cultivars of rice seeds were subjected to aging treatments at a relative humidity of 95%and a temperature of 45 C for 8,10 and 12 days,respectively.The germination rate,germination potential and ASTEC value of seeds subjected to different aging treatments were measured.Corresponding samples were observed under an accelerated voltage of 15 KV,photographed,and the gaps between starch granules and their particle sizes were measured.[Result]The study revealed irreversible deterioration of starch structure in seeds under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions over 8–12 days,accompanied by declines in germination potential and germination rate.High-amylose varieties(amylose content>17%)exhibited exacerbated starch granule fragmentation,with reductions in granule size and intergranular spacing.However,Guang 8 You 1973 showed a gradual increase in granule size with prolonged aging.In contrast,low-amylose varieties(amylose content<14%)displayed starch granule adhesion and deformation.Q2 data indicated an overall decreasing trend in SMR values across all tested varieties,while IMT values increased,with Guang 8 you 1973 showing the highest increase(59.18%).SMR values exhibited a declining trend,with Diantun 502 demonstrating the most significant reduction(52.69%).[Conclusion]Degradation of starch structural is a critical driver of vigor decline.For high-amylose cultivars,starch granule fragmentation may impair swelling capacity and metabolic processes,while for lowamylose cultivars,starch adhesion and deformation may obstruct material exchange.The methodology integratingin situ starch structural observation with seed respiratory metabolism analysis'established in the study provides theoretical and technical insights into the synergistic physiological and structural shifts during rice seed aging.
作者
谷安宇
张越
涂建
奎丽梅
管俊娇
董维
谭静
张艺璇
苏炳启
李小林
GU An-yu;ZHANG Yue;TU Jian;KUI Li-mei;GUAN Jun-jiao;DONG Wei;TAN Jing;ZHANG Yi-xuan;SU Bing-qi;LI Xiao-lin(Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650000,China;Institute of Resource Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China;Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture AcademyofAgricultural Sciences,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000,China;Shidian County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Shidian,Yunnan 678200,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期2399-2407,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省重大科技专项计划(202302AE090001)
国家重点研发计划课题(2024YFD1200904)
云南省财政部门预算项目重大专项(2023KYZX-09)。
关键词
加速老化
淀粉显微结构
种子活力
Accelerated aging
Microscopic structure of starch
Seed vigor
