摘要
用扫描电镜及光学显微镜观察了品质不同的水稻品种的淀粉粒形态．优质品种无垩白，其胚乳细胞的淀粉粒只有１种形状，为大小一致的多面体，排列致密；劣质品种具垩白，其淀粉粒有２种形状，非垩白处淀粉粒为大小一致的多面体，排列紧密，垩白处淀粉粒棱角不明显或呈圆球形，大小参差不齐，排列疏松，受压力可见单个淀粉粒和小球形颗粒．用稀碱液处理能将稻米淀粉２种主要组成成分——直链淀粉和支链淀粉分离开，直链淀粉的沉析物在扫描电镜下观察呈菊花状；支链淀粉在扫描电镜下观察仍为多面体晶体结构，与未处理前的淀粉粒无明显差异，在光学显微镜下呈现出清晰的生长环．
The morphological microstructures of starch granules of endosperm cells of rice with different qualities were observed by means of an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the high quality rice varieties had no chalky colour and the starch granules of their endosperm cells all appeared in the polygonal shape, identical size and dense arrangemeut. On the other hand the low quality rice varieties had chalky colour and the starch granules of their endosperm cells appeared in 2 spapes, which meant that the starch granules in translucent parts were in the polygonal shape, identical size and dense arrangement, but those in chalky parts were in the round shape, various sizes and loose arrangement with many intergranular air spaces,and a single round starch granule could be seen under pressure. The rice starch was decomposed into 2 main components, amylose and amylospectin, when treated with dilute sodium hydroxide solution, under the scanning electron microscope, the precipitated amylose granules looked like chrysanthemums, the amylospectin granules still showed their polygonal structure, no obvious difference compared with the starch granules before treatment. Under the optical microscope, clear growth rings of precipitated amylospectin granules were first discovered.
出处
《福建农业大学学报》
CSCD
1998年第2期241-244,共4页
Journal of Fujian Agricultural University
