摘要
2023年修订的《中华人民共和国行政复议法》将“未履行法定职责”纳入复议前置,但条文未明晰其内涵与边界。本文在梳理“未履行法定职责”构成要件(含未依法履行、不予答复、拒绝履行)的基础上,以“权益保护—专业高效—保障公正”三维标准构建复议前置界定框架,主张:行政复议前置中“未履行法定职责”的情形主要是不履行赋权益职责或保护职责,因此只有不履行行政许可、行政补偿、行政赔偿、工伤认定、保护合法权益、社会保障、行政协议、政府信息公开,以及对自然资源争议中初始登记的确认请求不予答复和拒绝履行才适用前置。先行复议可发挥行政资源专业优势,与诉讼形成“过滤—终局”的分工,避免程序重叠,实质性化解争议。
The Administrative Reconsideration Law of the People’s Republic of China(2023 Revision)brings“failure to perform statutory duties”into the scope of mandatory administrative reconsideration prior to litigation,yet the provision neither clarifies its content nor demarcates its boundaries.Based on a clarification of the constitutive elements of“failure to perform statutory duties”—namely,non-performance in accordance with law,failure to respond,and outright refusal—this paper constructs a three-dimensional criterion of“right-protection,professional efficiency,and fairness guarantee”for demarcating the prerequisite.It argues that within mandatory administrative reconsideration prior to litigation the clause should apply only where an authority fails to perform rights-conferring or protective duties,specifically:granting administrative licenses,providing compensation or indemnity,recognizing workplace injuries,protecting lawful rights and interests,delivering social-security benefits,honoring administrative agreements,disclosing government information,and refusing to respond to or rejecting requests for initial registration of natural-resource titles.By requiring reconsideration first,the procedure taps the specialized advantage of administrative resources and forms a“filter–finality”division of labor with litigation,thereby avoiding overlapping procedures and resolving disputes substantively.
作者
陈荣
兰晋睿
蓝自强
黄子琳
Chen Rong;Lan Jinrui;Lan Ziqiang;Huang Zilin(Law School,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004)
出处
《西部学刊》
2025年第24期87-90,共4页
Journal of Western
基金
2025年广西研究生教育创新计划项目“行政复议前置中‘未履行法定职责’情形的界定研究”(编号:YCSW2025120)的研究成果。
关键词
行政复议前置
未履行法定职责
赋权益职责
保护职责
administrative reconsideration prior to litigation
failure to perform statutory duties
rights-conferring duties
protective duties
