摘要
脂筏是细胞膜中的微区,参与细胞信号转导、代谢和细胞间相互作用。近年来,研究表明脂筏在糖尿病的发病机制中发挥重要作用。胆固醇和鞘脂是脂筏中的主要脂质组分,脂筏中蛋白质组分包括小窝蛋白、浮舰蛋白、棕榈酰蛋白和糖基化磷脂酰肌醇锚定蛋白等。这些组分的变化影响脂筏的结构和功能,进而可能影响胰岛素信号传导,导致糖尿病相关疾病的发生。脂筏在不同组织中与糖尿病的发生发展密切相关。胰腺脂筏与胰岛素分泌紧密相关,其结构变化影响胰岛素合成和释放;脂肪组织脂筏的变化与胰岛素抵抗和糖脂代谢紊乱相关;肝脏脂筏的变化能够影响糖异生和糖原合成;肾脏脂筏在糖尿病肾病进展中起调节作用。本文旨在全面梳理脂筏在糖尿病发病过程中的作用,为未来找寻防治糖尿病的新靶标提供思考,也为将来糖尿病治疗药物的开发提供新的视角。
Lipid rafts are microdomains in the cell membrane that are involved in cell signal transduction,metabolism,and intercellular interactions.In recent years,studies have shown that lipid rafts play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes.Cholesterol and sphingolipids are the main lipid components in lipid rafts,and the protein components in lipid rafts include caveolin,flotillin,palmitoylated proteins,and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins.Changes in these components affect the structure and function of lipid rafts,which in turn may affect insulin signal transduction,leading to the occurrence of diabetes-related diseases.Lipid rafts are closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes in different tissues.Pancreatic lipid rafts are closely related to insulin secretion,and their structural changes affect insulin synthesis and release.Changes in lipid rafts in adipose tissue are related to insulin resistance and disorders of glycolipid metabolism.Changes in lipid rafts in the liver can affect gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis.Lipid rafts in the kidney play a regulatory role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy.This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of lipid rafts in the pathogenesis of diabetes,offering insights into the identification of new targets for the prevention and treatment of diabetes in the future,as well as presenting a new perspective for the development of therapeutic agents for diabetes.
作者
杨灵坤
姜家旺
张蒙雨
高喜月
彭淑红
Yang Lingkun;Jiang Jiawang;Zhang Mengyu;Gao Xiyue;Peng Shuhong(Research Center for Differentiation and Development of TCM Basic Theory,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine/Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province)
出处
《重庆医科大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期1487-1492,共6页
Journal of Chongqing Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:82060741、82160830、 82360799)
江西中医药大学2023年校级“大学生创新创业训练计划”资助项目(编号:X202310412166)。
关键词
糖尿病
脂筏
胰腺
肝脏
脂肪组织
diabetes
lipid rafts
pancreas
liver
adipose tissue
